Android /java获取系统广播地址、ip地址、子网掩码的方法

InterfaceAddress.getNetworkPrefixLength() , 这个方法会返回子网掩码前面的1的位数。

为了直观，下面的例子会将其转换为String并显示出来。

关于下面的例子，还有几点要说明：

1. 因为我们数据库中的ip地址存的全是字符串，所以例子中也已字符串的形式来操作。

    对于很多方法，直接拿int来移位会更简单。

2. 为了让例子独立跑起来，没有将共同的部分抽取成更小函数，也没有使用apache.common这样的第三方包。

    这就使得函数比较冗长。

不罗嗦了，代码大家将就着看，如下：

import java.net.InetAddress;  
import java.net.InterfaceAddress;  
import java.net.NetworkInterface;  
import java.net.SocketException;  
import java.net.UnknownHostException;  
import java.util.Enumeration;  
import java.util.Iterator;  
import java.util.List;  
import java.util.regex.Pattern;  
  
public class IPAddressTest {  
  
    public static void main(String[] args) {  
  
        printIpAddressAndSubnettest();  
  
    }  
  
    public static void printIpAddressAndSubnettest() {  
        try {  
            Enumeration<NetworkInterface> eni = NetworkInterface  
                    .getNetworkInterfaces();  
            while (eni.hasMoreElements()) {  
  
                NetworkInterface networkCard = eni.nextElement();  
                List<InterfaceAddress> ncAddrList = networkCard  
                        .getInterfaceAddresses();  
                Iterator<InterfaceAddress> ncAddrIterator = ncAddrList.iterator();  
                while (ncAddrIterator.hasNext()) {  
                    InterfaceAddress networkCardAddress = ncAddrIterator.next();  
                    InetAddress address = networkCardAddress.getAddress();  
                    if (!address.isLoopbackAddress()) {  
                        String hostAddress = address.getHostAddress();  
                        System.out.println("address        =   " + hostAddress);  
  
                        if (hostAddress.indexOf(":") > 0) {  
                            // case : ipv6  
                            continue;  
                        } else {  
                            // case : ipv4  
                            String maskAddress = calcMaskByPrefixLength(networkCardAddress.getNetworkPrefixLength());  
                            String subnetAddress = calcSubnetAddress(hostAddress, maskAddress);  
                            String broadcastAddress = networkCardAddress.getBroadcast().getHostAddress();  
  
                            System.out.println("subnetmask     =   "+ maskAddress);  
                            System.out.println("subnet         =   "+ subnetAddress);  
                            System.out.println("broadcast      =   "+ broadcastAddress+"\n");  
                        }  
                    } else {  
                        String loopback = networkCardAddress.getAddress().getHostAddress();  
                        System.out.println("loopback addr  =   " + loopback +"\n");  
                    }  
                }  
                System.out.println("----- NetworkInterface  Separator ----\n\n");  
  
            }  
        } catch (Exception e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
    }  
  
    public static String calcMaskByPrefixLength(int length) {  
        int mask = -1 << (32 - length);  
        int partsNum = 4;  
        int bitsOfPart = 8;  
        int maskParts[] = new int[partsNum];  
        int selector = 0x000000ff;  
  
        for (int i = 0; i < maskParts.length; i++) {  
            int pos = maskParts.length - 1 - i;  
            maskParts[pos] = (mask >> (i * bitsOfPart)) & selector;  
        }  
  
        String result = "";  
        result = result + maskParts[0];  
        for (int i = 1; i < maskParts.length; i++) {  
            result = result + "." + maskParts[i];  
        }  
        return result;  
    }  
  
    public static String calcSubnetAddress(String ip, String mask) {  
        String result = "";  
        try {  
            // calc sub-net IP  
            InetAddress ipAddress = InetAddress.getByName(ip);  
            InetAddress maskAddress = InetAddress.getByName(mask);  
  
            byte[] ipRaw = ipAddress.getAddress();  
            byte[] maskRaw = maskAddress.getAddress();  
  
            int unsignedByteFilter = 0x000000ff;  
            int[] resultRaw = new int[ipRaw.length];  
            for (int i = 0; i < resultRaw.length; i++) {  
                resultRaw[i] = (ipRaw[i] & maskRaw[i] & unsignedByteFilter);  
            }  
  
            // make result string  
            result = result + resultRaw[0];  
            for (int i = 1; i < resultRaw.length; i++) {  
                result = result + "." + resultRaw[i];  
            }  
        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
  
        return result;  
    }  
}