detached entity passed to persist 错误的引起的原因和解决办法

《交个朋友，绝非潘嘎之交》

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今天在测试整合Spring和Hibernate的时候，遇到了一个问题，报错情况如下：

###报错信息：

org.springframework.dao.InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException: detached entity passed to persist: com.bean.Cat; nested exception is org.hibernate.PersistentObjectException: detached entity passed to persist: com.bean.Cat
	at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.SessionFactoryUtils.convertHibernateAccessException(SessionFactoryUtils.java:668)
	at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateAccessor.convertHibernateAccessException(HibernateAccessor.java:412)
	at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.doExecute(HibernateTemplate.java:411)
	at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.executeWithNativeSession(HibernateTemplate.java:374)
	at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.persist(HibernateTemplate.java:793)
	at com.dao.impl.CatDaoImpl.createCat(CatDaoImpl.java:20)
	at com.test.TestCat.testAdd(TestCat.java:35)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:271)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:70)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
Caused by: org.hibernate.PersistentObjectException: detached entity passed to persist: com.bean.Cat
	at org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:127)
	at org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:61)
	at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.firePersist(SessionImpl.java:808)
	at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.persist(SessionImpl.java:782)
	at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.persist(SessionImpl.java:786)
	at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate$21.doInHibernate(HibernateTemplate.java:796)
	at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.doExecute(HibernateTemplate.java:406)
	... 29 more

###报错原因：

从报错信息“detached entity passed to persist: com.bean.Cat”可以分析出，该错误是在Cat持久化转换时出的错。下面是测试的部分代码：

Cat实体类

/**
 * @Author: zsh
 * @Title: Cat.java
 * @Description:Cat实体类
 * @Date:2016年9月18日 下午3:12:23
 */
@Entity
@Table(name = "cat")
public class Cat {

	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
	private Integer id;

	@Column(name = "name")
	private String name;

	@Temporal(value = TemporalType.TIMESTAMP)
	private Date createDate;
	
	……省略了构造器及setter、getter方法。

注意：使用注解的时候，为了避免破坏Java的封装特性，一般会写在get方法上，此处为了方便分析，所以写在字段上方。

测试方法

@Test
	public void testAdd() throws ParseException{
		Cat cat = new Cat(2,"TOM",new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").parse("2000-1-1"));
		cDao.createCat(cat);
	}

通过分析两段代码可以发现，在实体类中设置了ID字段的自增，但是在测试时，实例化Cat类的时候又指定了ID的值，所以在运行的时候会报出错误！

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###解决方法：

1、取消字段自增设置
2、实例化Cat对象时不设置ID值