在WPF程序中使用摄像头兼谈如何使用AForge.NET控件

前言：

AForge.NET 是用C#写的一个关于计算机视觉和人工智能领域的框架，它包括图像处理、神经网络、遗传算法和机器学习等。在C#程序中使用摄像头，我习惯性使用AForge.NET提供的类库。本文讲解如何在WPF程序中调用AForge.NET控件实现视频和抓拍功能。

WPF与WinForm控件交互：

要实现视频功能，需要使用AForge.Controls命名空间中的VideoSourcePlayer控件。这是一个WinForm控件，要在WPF程序中使用，我们需要做如下4步：

1. 添加引用：
2. 在.NET选项卡中选择WindowsFormsIntegration
   在浏览选项卡中添加3个AForge.NET类库

   AForge.Controls.dll

   AForge.Video.dll

   AForge.Video.DirectShow.dll

3. 在XAML中添加System.Windows.Forms.Integration命名空间

4. xmlns:wfi ="clr-namespace:System.Windows.Forms.Integration;assembly=WindowsFormsIntegration"

5. 在XAML中添加AForge.Controls命名空间

6. xmlns:aforge ="clr-namespace:AForge.Controls;assembly=AForge.Controls"

7. 在XAML中加入VideoSourcePlayer可视控件

8. <wfi:WindowsFormsHost Grid.Row="0" Margin="5">
       <aforge:VideoSourcePlayer x:Name="sourcePlayer" Width="300" Height="360">                    
       </aforge:VideoSourcePlayer>                
   </wfi:WindowsFormsHost>

演示程序界面：

开发工具：

• Visual Studio v2010
• .NET Framework 4 Client Profile
• AForge.NET Framework 2.1.5

工程文件下载：

FingerPictureBox_WPF_Solution.zip

源程序：
MainWindow.xaml

<Window x:Class="FaceCapture.MainWindow"
        xmlns:wfi ="clr-namespace:System.Windows.Forms.Integration;assembly=WindowsFormsIntegration"
        xmlns:aforge ="clr-namespace:AForge.Controls;assembly=AForge.Controls"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:my="clr-namespace:Splash;assembly=FingerPictureBox"
        Title="FaceCapture（WPF）" mc:Ignorable="d" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" d:DesignHeight="480" d:DesignWidth="902" SizeToContent="WidthAndHeight" WindowStartupLocation="CenterScreen" ResizeMode="CanMinimize" AllowDrop="True" Closing="Window_Closing">
    <Grid AllowDrop="True">     
        <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
            <ColumnDefinition />
            <ColumnDefinition />
        </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
        <Grid Grid.Column="0" AllowDrop="False">
            <Grid.RowDefinitions>
                <RowDefinition />
                <RowDefinition />
            </Grid.RowDefinitions>            
            <wfi:WindowsFormsHost Grid.Row="0" Margin="5">
                <aforge:VideoSourcePlayer x:Name="sourcePlayer" Width="300" Height="360">                    
                </aforge:VideoSourcePlayer>                
            </wfi:WindowsFormsHost>
            <StackPanel Grid.Row="1" Orientation="Horizontal" Height="60" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" >
                <Button Name="button_Play" Height="40" Width="120" Margin="40,10,20,10" Click="button_Play_Click">
                    <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" VerticalAlignment="Center">
                        <Image Name="image_Play" Width="32" Height="32" />
                        <Label Name="label_Play" Content="开启摄像头" VerticalContentAlignment="Center" FontSize="14" />                     
                    </StackPanel>                    
                </Button>
                <Button Name="button_Capture" Height="40" Width="120" Margin="40,10,40,10" Click="button_Capture_Click">
                    <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" VerticalAlignment="Center">
                        <Image Name="image_Capture" Width="32" Height="32" />
                        <Label Content="抓拍图像" VerticalContentAlignment="Center" FontSize="14" />
                    </StackPanel>
                </Button> 
            </StackPanel>            
        </Grid>   
        <Grid Grid.Column="1">
            <Grid.RowDefinitions>
                <RowDefinition />
                <RowDefinition />
            </Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <StackPanel Grid.Row="0" Orientation="Horizontal">
                <my:FingerPictureBox Height="210" Name="fingerPictureBox1" Width="210" BorderThickness="5" BorderBrush="DarkGreen" Margin="5" />
                <my:FingerPictureBox Height="210" Name="fingerPictureBox2" Width="210" BorderThickness="5" BorderBrush="DarkGreen" Margin="5" />
            </StackPanel>
            <StackPanel Grid.Row="1" Orientation="Horizontal">
                <my:FingerPictureBox Height="210" Name="fingerPictureBox3" Width="210" BorderThickness="5" BorderBrush="DarkGreen" Margin="5" />
                <my:FingerPictureBox Height="210" Name="fingerPictureBox4" Width="210" BorderThickness="5" BorderBrush="DarkGreen" Margin="5" />
            </StackPanel>
        </Grid>        
    </Grid>
</Window>

MainWindow.xaml.cs

using System;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using AForge.Video.DirectShow;
using Splash;

namespace FaceCapture
{
    /// <summary>
    /// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑
    /// </summary>
    public partial class MainWindow : Window
    {
        BitmapSource ImagePlay;
        BitmapSource ImageStop;

        public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();

            // 设置窗体图标
            this.Icon = System.Windows.Interop.Imaging.CreateBitmapSourceFromHIcon(
                Properties.Resources.FingerPictureBox.Handle,
                Int32Rect.Empty,
                BitmapSizeOptions.FromEmptyOptions());

            // 图像源初始化
            ImagePlay = System.Windows.Interop.Imaging.CreateBitmapSourceFromHBitmap(
                Properties.Resources.Button_Play_icon2.GetHbitmap(),
                IntPtr.Zero,
                Int32Rect.Empty,
                BitmapSizeOptions.FromEmptyOptions());

            ImageStop = System.Windows.Interop.Imaging.CreateBitmapSourceFromHBitmap(
                Properties.Resources.Button_Stop_icon.GetHbitmap(),
                IntPtr.Zero,
                Int32Rect.Empty,
                BitmapSizeOptions.FromEmptyOptions());

            // 设置按钮图像
            image_Play.Source = ImagePlay;
            image_Capture.Source = System.Windows.Interop.Imaging.CreateBitmapSourceFromHBitmap(
                Properties.Resources.capture.GetHbitmap(),
                IntPtr.Zero,
                Int32Rect.Empty,
                BitmapSizeOptions.FromEmptyOptions());            

            // 设置窗体装载后事件处理器
            this.Loaded += new RoutedEventHandler(MainWindow_Loaded);
        }

        private void MainWindow_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // 设定初始视频设备
            FilterInfoCollection videoDevices = new FilterInfoCollection(FilterCategory.VideoInputDevice);
            if (videoDevices.Count > 0)
            {   // 默认设备
                sourcePlayer.VideoSource = new VideoCaptureDevice(videoDevices[0].MonikerString);                
            }
            else
            {
                button_Play.IsEnabled = false;
                button_Capture.IsEnabled = false;
            }

            // 设置图片框初始图像
            BitmapSource bs = System.Windows.Interop.Imaging.CreateBitmapSourceFromHBitmap(
                Properties.Resources.noimage.GetHbitmap(),
                IntPtr.Zero,
                Int32Rect.Empty,
                BitmapSizeOptions.FromEmptyOptions());

            fingerPictureBox1.InitialImage = bs;
            fingerPictureBox2.InitialImage = bs;
            fingerPictureBox3.InitialImage = bs;
            fingerPictureBox4.InitialImage = bs;
        }

        private void button_Play_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {            
            if (image_Play.Source == ImagePlay)
            {   // 开启视频
                sourcePlayer.Start();
                if (sourcePlayer.IsRunning)
                {
                    // 改变按钮为“停止”状态
                    image_Play.Source = ImageStop;
                    label_Play.Content = "停止";

                    // 允许拍照
                    button_Capture.IsEnabled = true;
                }
            }  
            else
            {
                if (sourcePlayer.IsRunning)
                {   // 停止视频
                    sourcePlayer.SignalToStop();
                    sourcePlayer.WaitForStop();

                    // 改变按钮为“开始”状态
                    image_Play.Source = ImagePlay;
                    label_Play.Content = "开启摄像头"; ;

                    // 关闭拍照
                    button_Capture.IsEnabled = false;
                }                
            }
        }

        private void button_Capture_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // 判断视频设备是否开启
            if (sourcePlayer.IsRunning)
            {   // 进行拍照
                for (Int32 i = 1; i <= 4; i++)
                {
                    object box = this.FindName("fingerPictureBox" + i);
                    if(box is FingerPictureBox)
                    {
                        if ((box as FingerPictureBox).ActiveImage == (box as FingerPictureBox).InitialImage)
                        {   // 更新图像
                            (box as FingerPictureBox).ActiveImage = System.Windows.Interop.Imaging.CreateBitmapSourceFromHBitmap(
                                sourcePlayer.GetCurrentVideoFrame().GetHbitmap(),
                                IntPtr.Zero,
                                Int32Rect.Empty,
                                BitmapSizeOptions.FromEmptyOptions());
                            break;
                        }                    
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        private void Window_Closing(object sender, System.ComponentModel.CancelEventArgs e)
        {
            if (sourcePlayer.IsRunning)
            {   // 停止视频
                sourcePlayer.SignalToStop();
                sourcePlayer.WaitForStop();
            }
        }
    }
}