这个包用来和JavaScript进行互操作,比如Java类可以调用JavaScript中的方法,而JS也可调用 JAVA中的方法.
1、可用的脚本引擎
Java 6提供对执行脚本语言的支持,这个支持来自于JSR223规范,对应的包是javax.script。默认情况下,Java 6只支持javascript脚本,它底层的实现是Mozilla Rhino,它是个纯Java的javascript实现。可以通过下面的代码列出当前环境中支持的脚本引擎:
- // create a script engine manager
- ScriptEngineManager factory = new ScriptEngineManager();
- // create a JavaScript engine
- ScriptEngine engine = factory.getEngineByName("JavaScript");
- // evaluate JavaScript code from String
- engine.eval("print('Welocme to java world')");
- System.out.println();
- ScriptEngineManager manager = new ScriptEngineManager();
- List<ScriptEngineFactory> factories = manager.getEngineFactories();
- for (ScriptEngineFactory f : factories) {
- System.out.println("egine name:" + f.getEngineName() + "\n"
- + "engine version:" + f.getEngineVersion() + "\n"
- + "language name:" + f.getLanguageName());
- }
Welocme to java world
egine name:Mozilla Rhino
engine version:1.6 release 2
language name:ECMAScript
可以看到,Java内置只支持javascript一种脚本。但是,只要遵循 JSR223,便可以扩展支持多种脚本语言,可以从https://scripting.dev.java.net/上查找当前已被支持的脚本的第三方库。
2、hello script
示例如上面的代码所示。
使用的API还是很简单的,ScriptEngineManager是ScriptEngine的工厂,实例化该工厂的时候会加载可用的所有脚本引擎。从工厂中创建ScriptEngine可以使用getEngineByName、getEngineByExtension或 getEngineByMimeType来得到,只要参数名字能对上。执行脚本调用eval方法即可(效果等同于javascript中的eval)。
3、传递变量
- // create a script engine manager
- ScriptEngineManager factory = new ScriptEngineManager();
- // create a JavaScript engine
- ScriptEngine engine = factory.getEngineByName("JavaScript");
- engine.put("a", 4);
- engine.put("b", 6);
- try {
- Object maxNum = engine
- .eval("function max_num(a,b){return (a>b)?a:b;}max_num(a,b);");
- System.out.println("max_num:" + maxNum);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- // create a script engine manager
- ScriptEngineManager factory = new ScriptEngineManager();
- // create a JavaScript engine
- ScriptEngine engine = factory.getEngineByName("JavaScript");
- try {
- engine.eval("function max_num(a,b){return (a>b)?a:b;}");
- Invocable invoke = (Invocable) engine;
- Object maxNum = invoke.invokeFunction("max_num", 4, 6);
- System.out.println(maxNum);
- maxNum = invoke.invokeFunction("max_num", 7, 6);
- System.out.println(maxNum);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- // TODO: handle exception
- }
- public interface JSLib {
- public int max_num(int a, int b);
- }
- // create a script engine manager
- ScriptEngineManager factory = new ScriptEngineManager();
- // create a JavaScript engine
- ScriptEngine engine = factory.getEngineByName("JavaScript");
- try {
- engine.eval("function max_num(a,b){return (a>b)?a:b;}");
- Invocable invoke = (Invocable) engine;
- JSLib jslib = invoke.getInterface(JSLib.class);
- int maxNum = jslib.max_num(4, 6);
- System.out.println(maxNum);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- // TODO: handle exception
- }
- try {
- String script = "var list = java.util.ArrayList();list.add(\"kafka0102\");print(list.get(0));";
- engine.eval(script);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- try {
- engine.eval("importPackage(javax.swing);" + "var optionPane = "
- + " JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, 'Hello, world!');");
- } catch (ScriptException ex) {
- ex.printStackTrace();
- }
- try {
- Compilable compEngine = (Compilable) engine;
- CompiledScript script = compEngine
- .compile("function max_num(a,b){return (a>b)?a:b;}");
- script.eval();
- Invocable invoke = (Invocable) engine;
- Object maxNum = invoke.invokeFunction("max_num", 4, 6);
- System.out.println(maxNum);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- public class JSTest {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- // 根据js的后缀名生成一个解析JS的脚本解析引擎
- ScriptEngine engin = new ScriptEngineManager()
- .getEngineByExtension("js");
- // 查询一下这个引擎是否实现了下面很实用的接口
- System.out.println(engin instanceof Invocable);
- // 声明两个对象,传入到JS里面去
- JFrame jf = new JFrame("test");
- List list = new ArrayList();
- // 得到挷定的键值对象,把当前的两个JAVA对象放进去
- Bindings bind = engin.createBindings();
- bind.put("jf", jf);
- bind.put("list", list);
- // 把挷下的键值对象放进去,作用域是当前引擎的范围
- engin.setBindings(bind, ScriptContext.ENGINE_SCOPE);
- // 用引擎执行一段写在JS文件里面的代码
- Object obj = engin.eval(new FileReader("test.js"));
- // 这个时候返回值当然 是null了
- System.out.println(obj);
- // 把当前的引擎强制转为Invocable,这样就可以调用定义在JS文件里面的一个一个函数了
- Invocable in = (Invocable) engin;
- // 得到了从JS里面返回来的对象
- List l = (List) in.invokeFunction("getNames");
- System.out.println(l);
- // 调用一下定义在JS里面的另一个函数
- in.invokeFunction("testJS");
- // 最后调用一个函数,该函数可以使我们前面定义的窗体显示出来
- in.invokeFunction("doSth");
- }
- }
- function doSth()
- {
- jf.setSize(500,300);
- jf.setVisible(true);
- jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(jf.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
- }
- function getNames()
- {
- list.add("doSth");
- list.add("getNames");
- return list;
- }
- function testJS()
- {
- print('Hello world!');
- }
参考自:
http://java.sun.com/developer/technicalArticles/J2SE/Desktop/scripting/
http://blog.csdn.net/defineshan/article/details/52676230