LeetCode 359. Logger Rate Limiter（日志漏桶）

原题网址：https://leetcode.com/problems/logger-rate-limiter/

Design a logger system that receive stream of messages along with its timestamps, each message should be printed if and only if it is not printed in the last 10 seconds.

Given a message and a timestamp (in seconds granularity), return true if the message should be printed in the given timestamp, otherwise returns false.

It is possible that several messages arrive roughly at the same time.

Example:

Logger logger = new Logger();

// logging string "foo" at timestamp 1
logger.shouldPrintMessage(1, "foo"); returns true; 

// logging string "bar" at timestamp 2
logger.shouldPrintMessage(2,"bar"); returns true;

// logging string "foo" at timestamp 3
logger.shouldPrintMessage(3,"foo"); returns false;

// logging string "bar" at timestamp 8
logger.shouldPrintMessage(8,"bar"); returns false;

// logging string "foo" at timestamp 10
logger.shouldPrintMessage(10,"foo"); returns false;

// logging string "foo" at timestamp 11
logger.shouldPrintMessage(11,"foo"); returns true;

方法一：使用哈希映射记录各个时间点的消息，使用一个集合记录最近10秒的所有消息。

public class Logger {
    private Map<Integer, List<String>> buf = new HashMap<>();
    private Set<String> set = new HashSet<>();
    private int from = 0;

    /** Initialize your data structure here. */
    public Logger() {
    }
    
    /** Returns true if the message should be printed in the given timestamp, otherwise returns false. The timestamp is in seconds granularity. */
    public boolean shouldPrintMessage(int timestamp, String message) {
        for(int t = from; t <= timestamp - 10; t ++) {
            List<String> b = buf.get(t);
            if (b == null) continue;
            for(String s : b) {
                set.remove(s);
            }
            buf.remove(t);
        }
        if (!set.add(message)) return false;
        List<String> b = buf.get(timestamp);
        if (b == null) {
            b = new ArrayList<>();
            buf.put(timestamp, b);
        }
        b.add(message);
        from = timestamp - 9;
        return true;
    }
}

/**
 * Your Logger object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * Logger obj = new Logger();
 * boolean param_1 = obj.shouldPrintMessage(timestamp,message);
 */

方法二：在方法一基础上优化，使用循环数组来保存最近10秒的消息。

public class Logger {
    private List<String>[] buf = new List[10];
    private Set<String> set = new HashSet<>();
    private int from = 0;

    /** Initialize your data structure here. */
    public Logger() {
        for(int i=0; i<buf.length; i++) buf[i] = new ArrayList<>();
    }
    
    /** Returns true if the message should be printed in the given timestamp, otherwise returns false. The timestamp is in seconds granularity. */
    public boolean shouldPrintMessage(int timestamp, String message) {
        for(int t = from; t <= timestamp - 10; t ++) {
            for(String s : buf[(t+buf.length)%buf.length]) {
                set.remove(s);
            }
            buf[(t+buf.length)%buf.length].clear();
        }
        if (!set.add(message)) return false;
        buf[timestamp%buf.length].add(message);
        from = timestamp - 9;
        return true;
    }
}

/**
 * Your Logger object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * Logger obj = new Logger();
 * boolean param_1 = obj.shouldPrintMessage(timestamp,message);
 */