文章标题看起来是一个错误命题,因为在java的内存模型中方法的局部变量是放在线程私有的栈里的。下图是java虚拟机的内存模型:
那么如何访问呢?这当然是有前提的,首先必须是内部类,局部变量必须加final修饰符。看代码示例:
- public class FinalTest {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- new FinalTest().test();
- Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
- System.out.println("Thread" + t.getId() + ":主线程结束");
- // 执行到此处,主线程结束
- }
- public void test() {
- // 定义一个局部变量
- final int var = 1;
- final int[] refer = {1};
- // 在内部类里访问局部变量var和refer
- new Thread(new Runnable() {
- public void run() {
- for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
- // 此处将一直可以访问到var局部变量
- Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
- System.out.println("Thread" + t.getId() + ":" + (var + i));//实际上编译后是System.out.println(1 + i)
- //引用类型局部变量
- System.out.println("Thread" + t.getId() + ":" + refer +"="+ (refer[0] + i));
- // 暂停0.1秒
- try {
- Thread.sleep(100);
- } catch (Exception ex) {
- ex.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
- }).start();
- new Thread(new Runnable() {
- public void run() {
- for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
- //var = var + i;//不能修改
- //引用类型虽然不让修改变量的引用地址,但是可以修改变量里的内容
- //refer = {i};//不允许
- refer[0] = i;//允许
- // 暂停0.2秒
- try {
- Thread.sleep(200);
- } catch (Exception ex) {
- ex.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
- }).start();
- System.gc();//主线程执行完毕后,通知虚拟机垃圾回收,此时无论线程执行多久,var和refer都不会被回收掉
- }
- }
不启动第二个线程时运行结果如下:
- Thread1:主线程结束
- Thread8:1
- Thread8:[I@69b332=1
- Thread8:2
- Thread8:[I@69b332=2
- Thread8:3
- Thread8:[I@69b332=3
- Thread8:4
- Thread8:[I@69b332=4
- Thread8:5
- Thread8:[I@69b332=5
- Thread8:6
- Thread8:[I@69b332=6
- Thread8:7
- Thread8:[I@69b332=7
- Thread8:8
- Thread8:[I@69b332=8
- Thread8:9
- Thread8:[I@69b332=9
- Thread8:10
- Thread8:[I@69b332=10
启动第二个线程时运行结果如下:
- Thread8:1
- Thread1:主线程结束
- Thread8:[I@173a10f=0
- Thread8:2
- Thread8:[I@173a10f=1
- Thread8:3
- Thread8:[I@173a10f=3
- Thread8:4
- Thread8:[I@173a10f=4
- Thread8:5
- Thread8:[I@173a10f=5
- Thread8:6
- Thread8:[I@173a10f=7
- Thread8:7
- Thread8:[I@173a10f=8
- Thread8:8
- Thread8:[I@173a10f=10
- Thread8:9
- Thread8:[I@173a10f=11
- Thread8:10
- Thread8:[I@173a10f=13