1. 获取请求信息
package request;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils;
import request.bean.User;
/**
* request基本功能,获取请求数据
*/
public class RequestDemo extends HttpServlet{
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
//1. 获取基本请求信息
requestGetMethods(req);
//2.获取用户提交的请求数据
requestGetMethods2(req);
}
//request的常用获取信息方法
private void requestGetMethods(HttpServletRequest req) {
//客户端请求地址部分URI 和 客户端请求地址URL
System.out.println("URI = "+req.getRequestURI());
System.out.println("URL = "+req.getRequestURL());
//请求的参数部分
System.out.println("GetParameters = "+req.getQueryString());
//获得客户端IP、完整主机名(DNS注册的名称)、网络端口号
System.out.println("Client IP = "+req.getRemoteAddr());
System.out.println("Client Name = "+req.getRemoteHost());
System.out.println("Client Port = "+req.getRemotePort());
//获得Web服务器的IP、
System.out.println("Server IP = "+req.getLocalAddr());
System.out.println("Server Name = "+req.getLocalName());
System.out.println("Server Port = "+req.getLocalPort());
//获取请求方式
System.out.println("Request Method = "+req.getMethod());
}
//request获取请求数据
private void requestGetMethods2(HttpServletRequest req) {
//方法五,获取request的流对象,然后打印,注意这个不能在用了request.getParameter()、request.getParameterNames()、request.getParameterValues()后使用
System.out.println("------第五次-------");
try {
InputStream in = req.getInputStream();
int len = 0;
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
while((len=in.read(buf))!=-1){
System.out.println(new String(buf,0,len));
}
} catch (IOException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
//方法一,直接获取用户名
System.out.println("------第一次-------");
String username = req.getParameter("username");
System.out.println("username = "+username);
//方法二,获取所有请求数据,例子中在使用了req.getInputStream()后调用,是取不到值的
System.out.println("------第二次-------");
Enumeration<String> e = req.getParameterNames();
while(e.hasMoreElements()){
String name = e.nextElement();
String value = req.getParameter(name);
System.out.println(name+" = "+value);
}
//方法三,获得同一个参数的所有的值,例子中在使用了req.getInputStream()后调用,是取不到值的
System.out.println("------第三次-------");
String[] s = req.getParameterValues("username");
if(s!=null&&s.length>0){
for(String value:s){
System.out.println("username = "+value);
}
}
// //方法四,获取参数map对象,然后使用beanUtils封装到userBean中(需要提前创建好userBean,保证封装所有的请求数据)
System.out.println("------第四次-------");
//以map形式获取请求数据
Map map = req.getParameterMap();
User user = new User();
try {
//判断取到的map是否为空,如果为空在调用下面的方法会报空指针异常
if(map!=null&&map.size()>0){
//将map对象存入userBean中
BeanUtils.populate(user, map);
}
System.out.println(user);
} catch (Exception e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(req, resp);
}
}
提交数据请求页面部分代码,login.jsp
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>传数据给RequestDemo</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="/javaWeb/RequestDemo?username=AAA">发送请求</a>
<form action="/javaWeb/RequestDemo" method="post">
用户名:<input type="text" name="username"><br />
密码:<input type="password" name="password"><br />
<input type="hidden" name="username" value="default">
性别:<input type="radio" name="gender" value="male">男<input type="radio" name="gender" value="female">女<br />
城市:
<select name="city">
<option value="bj">北京</option>
<option value="sh">上海</option>
<option value="gz">广州</option>
</select>
<br />
爱好:
<input type="checkbox" name="like" value="sing">唱歌
<input type="checkbox" name="like" value="dance">跳舞
<input type="checkbox" name="like" value="basketball">篮球
<input type="checkbox" name="like" value="football">足球
<br />
备注:<textarea rows="5" cols="45" name="description"></textarea><br />
头像:<input type="file" name="image">
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>
2. 获取的数据乱码问题
package request;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* request获取中文数据乱码问题
*/
public class RequestDemo2 extends HttpServlet{
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
//解决post方式乱码问题
charsetPost(req);
//解决get方式乱码问题
charsetGet(req);
}
private void charsetPost(HttpServletRequest req)
throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
//解决post方式提交的中文乱码,需要在使用request获取数据前设置。(注:通过设置解码只能解决post方式提交的中文数据)
req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
String username2 = req.getParameter("username2");
System.out.println("POST:"+username2);
}
private void charsetGet(HttpServletRequest req)
throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
String username = req.getParameter("username1");
//解决get方式提交的中文乱码,将获取的数据转码
if(username!=null){
//浏览器默认的是iso8859-1编码,通过get方式取到数据后,再次转换成utf-8
username = new String(username.getBytes("iso8859-1"),"utf-8");
}
System.out.println("GET:"+username);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(req, resp);
}
}
乱码问题请求页面部分代码,login.jsp
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>request中文乱码问题</title>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8">
</head>
<body>
<form action="/javaWeb/RequestDemo2" method="get">
GET:用户名1<input type="text" name="username1">
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
<form action="/javaWeb/RequestDemo2" method="post">
POST:用户名2<input type="text" name="username2">
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>
3. 请求转发和页面包含
package request;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* request请求转发,以及使用request域对象把数据带给转发资源
*
* request实现页面包含
*/
public class RequestDemo3 extends HttpServlet{
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
//请求转发
// dispatcher(req, resp);
//包含页面
include(req, resp);
}
//页面包含
private void include(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
//手动添加页面头
resp.getOutputStream().write("<!DOCTYPE><html><head><title>组合页面</title></head><body>".getBytes());
//将多个页面组成一个页面,为了组成后为格式良好的页面,内容页面部分应该去头去尾
req.getRequestDispatcher("/part1.html").include(req, resp);
resp.getOutputStream().write("被包含的内容<br />".getBytes());
req.getRequestDispatcher("/part2.html").include(req, resp);
//手动添加页面尾
resp.getOutputStream().write("</body></html>".getBytes());
}
//页面转发
private void dispatcher(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
String data = "要转发的数据";
req.setAttribute("data", data);
//request也可以实现转发
/*
* 注意:servlet中只能有一个跳转
* 不能再有第二个跳转request.getRequestDispatcher("/dispatcher.jsp").forward(req, resp);
* 同时,也不能使用response.getOutputStream().close(),而且response.getOutputStream().write()中的数据会被清空
* 否则会有异常 java.lang.IllegalStateException: Cannot forward after response has been committed
* 如:下面注释掉的代码就会报错
*/
// resp.getOutputStream().write("AAA".getBytes());
// resp.getOutputStream().close();
// req.getRequestDispatcher("/index.jsp").forward(req, resp);
req.getRequestDispatcher("/dispatcher.jsp").forward(req, resp);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(req, resp);
}
}
请求转发页面部分代码,dispatcher.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>request请求转发</title>
</head>
<body>
中国
${data }
<%
String data = (String)request.getAttribute("data");
out.write("data = "+data);
%>
</body>
</html>
请求转发页面部分代码
part1.html
第一部分,开始<br />
part2.html
最后部分,结束<br />
4. 防盗链演示
package request;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* request防盗链
*
*/
public class RequestDemo4 extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
resp.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
//防盗链就是检查访问地址,是不是被直接访问,如果是跳转到首页,如果不是给出正确页面
String referer = req.getHeader("referer");
//如果是通过复制地址的方式访问的,那么referer会为空
if(referer==null||!referer.startsWith("http://localhost")){
//如果是盗链访问,那么就先看广告
resp.sendRedirect("ad.jsp");
}
this.getServletContext().setAttribute("message", "精彩的页面");
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(req, resp);
}
}
防盗链演示的页面部分代码,ad.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="3;url=/javaWeb/message.jsp">
<title>广告</title>
</head>
<body>
先看广告,页面3秒后跳转,如果没有跳转<a href="/javaWeb/message.jsp">请点击超链接进行跳转</a>
</body>
</html>