spring could 之服务的注册与发现（Eureka）

一、spring cloud简介

spring cloud 为开发人员提供了快速构建分布式系统的一些工具，包括配置管理、服务发现、断路器、路由、微代理、事件总线、全局锁、决策竞选、分布式会话等等。它运行环境简单，可以在开发人员的电脑上跑。另外说明spring cloud是基于springboot的，所以需要开发中对springboot有一定的了解，如果不了解的话可以看这篇文章：2小时学会springboot。另外对于“微服务架构” 不了解的话，可以通过搜索引擎搜索“微服务架构”了解下

二、创建服务注册中心

在这里，我们需要用的的组件上Spring Cloud Netflix的Eureka ,eureka是一个服务注册和发现模块。

2.1 首先创建一个maven主工程。

2.2 然后创建2个model工程:一个model工程作为服务注册中心，即Eureka Server,另一个作为Eureka Client。

先上个项目模块目录结构：

下面以创建server为例子，详细说明创建过程：

右键工程->创建model-> 选择spring initialir 如下图：

3、eureka_server模块的的Maven配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.xuan</groupId>
    <artifactId>eureka_server</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>eureka_server</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.8.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Dalston.SR4</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


</project>

4、eureka_server的application.yml

#eureka是一个高可用的组件，它没有后端缓存，
#每一个实例注册之后需要向注册中心发送心跳（因此可以在内存中完成），
#在默认情况下erureka server也是一个eureka client ,必须要指定一个 server
#通过eureka.client.registerWithEureka：false和fetchRegistry：false来表明自己是一个eureka server
server:
  port: 8761

eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: localhost
  client:
    registerWithEureka: false
    fetchRegistry: false
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/

5、springboot应用主入口：

package com.xuan;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@EnableEurekaServer
@SpringBootApplication
public class EurekaServerApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class, args);
    }
}

6、启动eureka_server应用,浏览器输入http://localhost:8761/ 运行效果：

7、新建eureka_client模块，右键工程->创建model-> 选择spring initialir
pom.xml配置文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.xuan</groupId>
    <artifactId>eureka_client</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>eureka_client</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.8.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Dalston.SR4</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


</project>

8、eureka_client模块的配置文件application.yml

#注明自己的服务注册中心的地址
eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
  instance:
    hostname: localhost
    statusPageUrl: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/
    healthCheckUrl: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/health
    homePageUrl: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/



#端口
server:
  port: 8762

#需要指明spring.application.name,这个很重要，这在以后的服务与服务之间相互调用一般都是根据这个name
spring:
  application:
    name: xuan_client

9、eureka_client模块应用主入口

package com.xuan;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;

/**
 * 服务提供者
 */
@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class EurekaClientApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EurekaClientApplication.class, args);
    }
}

10、测试功能：

package com.xuan.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * Created by chenqixuan on 17/10/26.
 */
@RestController
public class HomeController {


    @Value("${server.port}")
    @RequestMapping("/")
    public String home() {
        return "哈哈哈哈:" +port;
}

    @Value("${server.port}")
    String port;
    @RequestMapping("/index")
    public String index(@RequestParam String name) {
        return "hi "+name+",i am from port:" +port;
    }
}

11、测试启动先后eureka_server应用和eureka_client应用：
效果如下：

图2：