将mysql安装文件(下载地址:http://www.mysql.com/downloads/mysql-4.0.html)
MySQL-client-community-5.0.37-0.rhel3.i386.rpm
MySQL-server-community-5.0.37-0.rhel3.i386.rpm
perl-DBI-1.53-2.fc7.i386.rpm
ftp上传到安装目录。用数据库用户登录系统,进行mysql的安装。
以下需要root权限:
查询是否安装过mysql:
[root@宁波测试机 ~]$ rpm -qa|grep mysql
如果已经安装,需要卸载:
rpm -e MySQL-client-community MySQL-server-community
以下需要数据库用户权限:
[dbuser@宁波测试机 ~]$ rpm -ivh MySQL-server-community-5.0.37-0.rhel3.i386.rpm
如果出现如下信息:
error: Failed dependencies:
perl(DBI) is needed by MySQL-server-community-5.0.37-0.rhel3.i386
则需要执行:
[dbuser@宁波测试机 ~]$ rpm -ivh perl-DBI-1.53-2.fc7.i386.rpm
error: can't create transaction lock on /var/lib/rpm/__db.000
说明权限不够,需要su到root用户,执行:
[root@宁波测试机 db]# rpm -ivh perl-DBI-1.53-2.fc7.i386.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:perl-DBI ########################################### [100%]
执行安装:
[root@宁波测试机 db]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-community-5.0.37-0.rhel3.i386.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:MySQL-server-community ########################################### [100%]
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h 宁波测试机 password 'new-password'
See the manual for more instructions.
Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script!
The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at
http://www.mysql.com
Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com
Starting MySQL[确定]
[root@宁波测试机 db]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-community-5.0.37-0.rhel3.i386.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:MySQL-client-community ########################################### [100%]
安装完后,需要对mysql进行配置:
见“mysql问题总结”中的my.cnf配置
注:my.cnf文件的获取:
如果你的内存≤64M,则复制/usr/share/mysql/my-small.cnf为/etc/my.cnf
# This is for a system with little memory (<= 64M) where MySQL is only used
# from time to time and it's important that the mysqld daemon
# doesn't use much resources.
如果内存是128M,则复制/usr/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf为/etc/my.cnf
# This is for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays
# an important part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with
# other programs (such as a web server)
如果内存是512M,则复制/usr/share/mysql/my-large.cnf为/etc/my.cnf
# This is for a large system with memory = 512M where the system runs mainly
# MySQL.
如果内存是1-2G,则复制/usr/share/mysql/my-huge.cnf为/etc/my.cnf
# This is for a large system with memory of 1G-2G where the system runs mainly
# MySQL.
如果内存是4G,则复制/usr/share/mysql/my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf为/etc/my.cnf
# This is a MySQL example config file for systems with 4GB of memory
# running mostly MySQL using InnoDB only tables and performing complex
# queries with few connections.
数据库启动命令权限分配
数据库启动命令现在只有root用户可以执行,我们想把权限分配给dbuser用户,给root分权,可以这样做:
更改sudo配置文件/etc/sudoers,增加如下内容:
Cmnd_Alias MYSQL=/etc/init.d/mysql, /usr/bin/mysqld_safe, /usr/bin/mysqladmin
dbuser ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:MYSQL
之后就可以通过dbuser用户启动、停止mysql,命令如下:
给root用户设置密码
刚安装好的mysql,root用户可以不用密码,直接登陆数据库,需要将root设置密码来降低风险。在mysql命令行输入:
set password for root@localhost =PASSWORD('newPassword');