【Java8源码分析】并发包-CountDownLatch

转载请注明出处：http://blog.csdn.net/linxdcn/article/details/72857496

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CountDownLatch提供了一种能使多个线程触发同一条件，开始运行的机制。

打个比方，银行金库有3把钥匙（CountDownLatch的count为3），得到一把钥匙（调用countDown函数），就离获得通行的条件越近。当3把钥匙都已经获取时（count变为0），银行金库将被打开（线程可以通行）。

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1 使用方法

public class CountDownLatchDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        CountDownLatchTest test = new CountDownLatchTest();

        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
            new Thread(test).start();
            Thread.currentThread().sleep(200);
        }
    }

    static class CountDownLatchTest implements Runnable{
        static CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(3);

        public void run() {
            try {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread() + " is ready");
                countDownLatch.countDown();
                countDownLatch.await();
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread() + " is running");
            }
            catch (Exception e) {

            }

        }
    }
}

输出结果

Thread[Thread-0,5,main] is ready
Thread[Thread-1,5,main] is ready
Thread[Thread-2,5,main] is ready
Thread[Thread-2,5,main] is running
Thread[Thread-0,5,main] is running
Thread[Thread-1,5,main] is running

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2 源码分析

CountDownLatch同样也是基于AQS类实现的，对于AQS类不熟悉的，可以参考AbstractQueuedSynchronizer同步器一文。

在CountDownLatch中，state变量代表latch的数量，当state > 0时，线程不能通过，当state ＝ 0时，线程允许通过。

2.1 获取锁

// CountDownLatch的方法
public void await() throws InterruptedException {
    // 调用了tryAcquireShared
    sync.acquireSharedInterruptibly(1);
}

// 子类辅助方法
protected int tryAcquireShared(int acquires) {
    return (getState() == 0) ? 1 : -1;
}

当state ＝ 0时，线程允许通过，否则不允许通过。

2.1 释放锁

public void countDown() {
    // 调用了tryReleaseShared
    sync.releaseShared(1);
}

protected boolean tryReleaseShared(int releases) {
    for (;;) {
        int c = getState();
        if (c == 0)
            return false;
        int nextc = c-1;
        if (compareAndSetState(c, nextc))
            return nextc == 0;
    }
}

调用一次countDown，会将state状态减1，直到将state减到0，则唤醒在排队队列中的线程。

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3 总结

• CountDownLatch是一次性的，调用countDown函数使它触发后就无法再恢复了
• 当CountDownLatch的state变为0后，后续的线程再调用await函数都能马上获得通行。

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转载请注明出处：http://blog.csdn.net/linxdcn/article/details/72857496