Spring基础：快速入门spring（9）：注解注入

本篇文章我们通过例子看一下如何使用java注解的方式实现注入。

创建spring的project和设定

Java->Groovy->Create project from template/Commad Line App->springdemo/com.liumiao.demo.spring
Alt + Ctrl + Shift + S（IntelliJ IDEA） -> 将spring的lib全部加入到Dependency中

SwimmingService: 提供服务的类(注入对象)

使用Component注解来声明当前类是Spring的管理对象

package com.liumiao.demo.spring;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class SwimmingService {
  public SwimmingService(){
    System.out.println("Default SwimmingService Constructor is called.");
  }
  public String providSwimmingCoachingService(){
    return "Swimming coaching Service provided.";
  }
}

Person Interface

package com.liumiao.demo.spring;

public interface Person {
  public String sayhello();
}

Teacher类

我们前面讲到过spring的作用之一就是将要注入的对象跟使用处“拧”在一起，注解Autowired就实现了这个作用，这里面我们只看到了利用却没有人去new SwimmingService，前面特地创建了default的构造函数，从输出的结果中我们将会看到spring替我们做了这个。

package com.liumiao.demo.spring;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Teacher implements Person{
  @Autowired
  private SwimmingService swimmingService;

  @Override
  public String sayhello(){
    return "Hello, I am a teacher";
  }

  public String provideSwimmingCoaching(){
    return swimmingService.providSwimmingCoachingService();
  }
}

配置类

Configuration注解则表明当前类是一个配置类，这个类在使用AnnotationConfigApplicationContext时将作为Input生成spring的context。ComponentScan则会稍描所制定的package下所有使用Component/Service等声明的类并注册bean。

package com.liumiao.demo.spring;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.liumiao.demo.spring")
public class MyConfig {
}

TestDemo：使用spring

package com.liumiao.demo.spring;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;

public class TestDemo {
  public static void main(String[] args){
    AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context =new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MyConfig.class);
    Teacher person = context.getBean(Teacher.class);
    System.out.println(person.provideSwimmingCoaching());
    context.close();
  }
}

执行结果

Nov 27, 2016 2:01:32 PM org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext prepareRefresh
情報: Refreshing org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@3d646c37: startup date [Thu Nov 27 14:01:32 CST 2016]; root of context hierarchy
Default SwimmingService Constructor is called.
Swimming coaching Service provided.
Nov 27, 2016 2:01:32 PM org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext doClose
情報: Closing org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@3d646c37: startup date [Thu Nov 27 14:01:32 CST 2016]; root of context hierarchy