hbase shell常用命令

hbase安装部署完成后，如果已经设置了hbase的环境变量（如HBASE_HOME=/home/david/cloudera/lib/hbase-1.2.5），则直接在命令行窗口下，执行命令：hbase shell，呼起shell环境。

HBase Shell; enter ‘help’ for list of supported commands.
Type “exit” to leave the HBase Shell
Version 1.2.5, rd7b05f79dee10e0ada614765bb354b93d615a157, Wed Mar 1 00:34:48 CST 2017

hbase(main):001:0>

接着执行help命令，则hbase将按group形式，分组列出所有该组下的命令。

分组名	命令名
general	status, table_help, version, whoami
ddl	alter, alter_async, alter_status, create, describe, disable, disable_all, drop, drop_all, enable, enable_all, exists, get_table, is_disabled, is_enabled, list, locate_region, show_filters
namespace	alter_namespace, create_namespace, describe_namespace, drop_namespace, list_namespace, list_namespace_tables
dml	append, count, delete, deleteall, get, get_counter, get_splits, incr, put, scan, truncate, truncate_preserve
tools	assign, balance_switch, balancer, balancer_enabled, catalogjanitor_enabled, catalogjanitor_run, catalogjanitor_switch, close_region, compact, compact_rs, flush, major_compact, merge_region, move, normalize, normalizer_enabled, normalizer_switch, split, trace, unassign, wal_roll, zk_dump
replication	add_peer, append_peer_tableCFs, disable_peer, disable_table_replication, enable_peer, enable_table_replication, list_peers, list_replicated_tables, remove_peer, remove_peer_tableCFs, set_peer_tableCFs, show_peer_tableCFs
snapshots	clone_snapshot, delete_all_snapshot, delete_snapshot, list_snapshots, restore_snapshot, snapshot
configuration	update_all_config, update_config
quotas	list_quotas, set_quota
security	grant, list_security_capabilities, revoke, user_permission
procedures	abort_procedure, list_procedures
visibility labels	add_labels, clear_auths, get_auths, list_labels, set_auths, set_visibility

常用命令如下

	命令作用	表达式
一。表的管理	① 查看表的列表	list
	② 建表	create ‘表名’,’列簇1’,’列簇2’,…,’列簇N’
	③ 查看表结构	describe ‘表名’
	④ 修改表结构，删除表的某个列簇	1. disable ‘表名’； 2.alter ‘表名’, {NAME=>’列簇名’,METHOD=>’delete’}
	⑤ 删表	1. disable ‘表名’； 2.drop ‘表名’；enable ‘表名’
二。权限管理	① 分配权限	grant ‘用户名’,’权限’,’表名’
	② 查看权限	user_permission ‘表名’
	③ 收回权限	revoke ‘用户名’,’表名’
三。表的CURD	① 添加记录	put ‘表名’,’行名’,’列簇名:列名’,’值’
	②查询数据 a).查看rowKey全部列簇的记录	get ‘表名’,’行名’
	b).查看rowKey某一列簇的记录	get ‘表名’,’行名’,’列簇名’
	c).查看rowKey某一列簇的某一列记录	get ‘表名’,’行名’,’列簇名:列名’
	扫描表 a).扫描全表记录	scan ‘member’
	b).扫描全表前N条记录	scan ‘member’, {LIMIT=>3}
	查看表记录行数	count ‘表名’
	③ 删除记录 a).删除行中某一列	delete ‘表名’,’行名’,’列簇名:列名’
	b).删除行	deleteall ‘表名’,’行名’
	c).删除表中全部数据	truncate ‘表名’
四。Region管理	① 移动region	move ‘encodeRegionName’, ‘ServerName’
	② 开启/关闭region	balance_switch (true|false)
	③ 手动split	split ‘regionName’, ‘splitKey’
	④ 手动触发major compaction	#语法：#Compact all regions in a table:#hbase> major_compact ‘t1’#Compact an entire region:#hbase> major_compact ‘r1’#Compact a single column family within a region:#hbase> major_compact ‘r1’, ‘c1’#Compact a single column family within a table:#hbase> major_compact ‘t1’, ‘c1’