Spring事务配置的五种方式

1. 总结如下：  
2.   
3.     Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。  
4.   
5.     DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。  
6.   
7.     具体如下图：  
8.   
9. Spring事务配置 (2)  
10.   
11.     根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：  
12.   
13.     第一种方式：每个Bean都有一个代理  
14. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
15. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
16.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
17.     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
18.     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
19.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
20.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
21.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
22.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  
23.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">  
24.   
25.     <bean id="sessionFactory"   
26.             class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">   
27.         <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />   
28.         <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />  
29.     </bean>   
30.   
31.     <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->   
32.     <bean id="transactionManager"  
33.         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  
34.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
35.     </bean>  
36.      
37.     <!-- 配置DAO -->  
38.     <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">  
39.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
40.     </bean>  
41.      
42.     <bean id="userDao"   
43.         class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">   
44.            <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->   
45.            <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />      
46.         <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />   
47.          <property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />  
48.         <!-- 配置事务属性 -->   
49.         <property name="transactionAttributes">   
50.             <props>   
51.                 <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>  
52.             </props>   
53.         </property>   
54.     </bean>   
55. </beans>  
56.   
57.     第二种方式：所有Bean共享一个代理基类  
58. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
59. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
60.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
61.     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
62.     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
63.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
64.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
65.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
66.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  
67.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">  
68.   
69.     <bean id="sessionFactory"   
70.             class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">   
71.         <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />   
72.         <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />  
73.     </bean>   
74.   
75.     <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->   
76.     <bean id="transactionManager"  
77.         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  
78.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
79.     </bean>  
80.      
81.     <bean id="transactionBase"   
82.             class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"   
83.             lazy-init="true" abstract="true">   
84.         <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->   
85.         <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />   
86.         <!-- 配置事务属性 -->   
87.         <property name="transactionAttributes">   
88.             <props>   
89.                 <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>   
90.             </props>   
91.         </property>   
92.     </bean>     
93.     
94.     <!-- 配置DAO -->  
95.     <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">  
96.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
97.     </bean>  
98.      
99.     <bean id="userDao" parent="transactionBase" >   
100.         <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />    
101.     </bean>  
102. </beans>  
103.   
104. 第三种方式：使用拦截器  
105. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
106. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
107.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
108.     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
109.     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
110.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
111.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
112.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
113.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  
114.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">  
115.   
116.     <bean id="sessionFactory"   
117.             class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">   
118.         <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />   
119.         <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />  
120.     </bean>   
121.   
122.     <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->   
123.     <bean id="transactionManager"  
124.         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  
125.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
126.     </bean>   
127.     
128.     <bean id="transactionInterceptor"   
129.         class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">   
130.         <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />   
131.         <!-- 配置事务属性 -->   
132.         <property name="transactionAttributes">   
133.             <props>   
134.                 <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>   
135.             </props>   
136.         </property>   
137.     </bean>  
138.        
139.     <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">   
140.         <property name="beanNames">   
141.             <list>   
142.                 <value>*Dao</value>  
143.             </list>   
144.         </property>   
145.         <property name="interceptorNames">   
146.             <list>   
147.                 <value>transactionInterceptor</value>   
148.             </list>   
149.         </property>   
150.     </bean>   
151.    
152.     <!-- 配置DAO -->  
153.     <bean id="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">  
154.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
155.     </bean>  
156. </beans>  
157.   
158. 第四种方式：使用tx标签配置的拦截器  
159. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
160. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
161.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
162.     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
163.     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
164.     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"  
165.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
166.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
167.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
168.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  
169.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd  
170.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">  
171.   
172.     <context:annotation-config />  
173.     <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />  
174.   
175.     <bean id="sessionFactory"   
176.             class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">   
177.         <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />   
178.         <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />  
179.     </bean>   
180.   
181.     <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->   
182.     <bean id="transactionManager"  
183.         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  
184.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
185.     </bean>  
186.   
187.     <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">  
188.         <tx:attributes>  
189.             <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
190.         </tx:attributes>  
191.     </tx:advice>  
192.      
193.     <aop:config>  
194.         <aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts"  
195.             expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />  
196.         <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"  
197.             pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />         
198.     </aop:config>       
199. </beans>  
200.   
201. 第五种方式：全注解  
202. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
203. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
204.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
205.     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
206.     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
207.     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"  
208.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
209.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
210.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
211.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  
212.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd  
213.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">  
214.   
215.     <context:annotation-config />  
216.     <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />  
217.   
218.     <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>  
219.   
220.     <bean id="sessionFactory"   
221.             class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">   
222.         <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />   
223.         <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />  
224.     </bean>   
225.   
226.     <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->   
227.     <bean id="transactionManager"  
228.         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  
229.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
230.     </bean>  
231.      
232. </beans>  
233.   
234. 此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解，如下：  
235. package com.bluesky.spring.dao;  
236.   
237. import java.util.List;  
238.   
239. import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;  
240. import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;  
241. import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;  
242. import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;  
243.   
244. import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;  
245.   
246. @Transactional  
247. @Component("userDao")  
248. public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {  
249.   
250.     public List<User> listUsers() {  
251.         return this.getSession().createQuery("from User").list();  
252.     }  
253.      
254.      
255. }