HttpClient 是 Apache Jakarta Common 下的子项目,可以用来提供高效的、最新的、功能丰富的支持 HTTP 协议的客户端编程工具包,并且它支持 HTTP 协议最新的版本和建议。
该功能支持以下情况:
1.http及https
2.get及post方式
3.ssl证书不验证
4.重定向
实现步骤如下:
1.pom文件中增加依赖包
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.5.1</version>
</dependency>
2.编写httpUtil类
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.config.AuthSchemes;
import org.apache.http.client.config.CookieSpecs;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.config.Registry;
import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.NoopHostnameVerifier;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* Created by lip on 2016/4/19.
*/
public class HttpUtil {
private final static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpUtil.class);
// 字符编码
public static String UTF8 = "UTF-8";
// 超时时间(毫秒)
public static Integer TIMEOUT = 30000;
public static Integer MAX_REDIRECTS = 10;
private static SSLConnectionSocketFactory socketFactory;
public static CloseableHttpResponse post(String url) {
return post(url,null,UTF8);
}
public static CloseableHttpResponse post(String url, Map<String, String> params) {
return post(url,params,UTF8);
}
public static CloseableHttpResponse post(String url, Map<String, String> params,String charset) {
// 创建默认的httpClient实例.
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = getHttpClient();
// 创建httppost
HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(url);
// 创建参数队列
List<NameValuePair> formparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
if(params != null && params.size() > 0){
for (String key : params.keySet()){
formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, params.get(key)));
}
}
UrlEncodedFormEntity uefEntity;
StringBuffer logCnt = new StringBuffer();
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
try {
uefEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, charset);
httppost.setEntity(uefEntity);
logCnt.append("executing POST request " + httppost.getURI());
response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
try {
logCnt.append("\r\n");
logCnt.append(response.getStatusLine());
//跳转到重定向的url
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 302) {
String locationUrl=response.getLastHeader("Location").getValue();
logger.info(logCnt.toString());
logCnt.delete(0,logCnt.length());
get(locationUrl);
}else {
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
logCnt.append("\r\n");
logCnt.append("Response content: ");
if (entity != null) {
logCnt.append(EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8"));
}
}
} finally {
logger.info(logCnt.toString());
response.close();
return response;
}
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 关闭连接,释放资源
try {
httpclient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return response;
}
}
public static CloseableHttpResponse get(String url) {
return get(url,UTF8);
}
public static CloseableHttpResponse get(String url,String charset) {
// 创建默认的httpClient实例.
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = getHttpClient();
// 创建httpGet
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
StringBuffer logCnt = new StringBuffer();
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
try {
logCnt.append("executing GET request " + httpGet.getURI());
response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
try {
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
logCnt.append("\r\n");
logCnt.append(response.getStatusLine());
logCnt.append("\r\n");
logCnt.append("Response content: ");
if (entity != null) {
logCnt.append(EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8"));
}
} finally {
logger.info(logCnt.toString());
response.close();
return response;
}
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 关闭连接,释放资源
try {
httpclient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return response;
}
}
private static CloseableHttpClient getHttpClient(){
enableSSL();
RequestConfig defaultRequestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
.setCookieSpec(CookieSpecs.STANDARD_STRICT)
.setExpectContinueEnabled(true)
.setTargetPreferredAuthSchemes(Arrays.asList(AuthSchemes.NTLM, AuthSchemes.DIGEST))
.setProxyPreferredAuthSchemes(Arrays.asList(AuthSchemes.BASIC))
.setSocketTimeout(TIMEOUT)
.setConnectTimeout(TIMEOUT)
.setMaxRedirects(MAX_REDIRECTS)
.setRedirectsEnabled(true)
.build();
Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create()
.register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.INSTANCE)
.register("https", socketFactory).build();
PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connectionManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(socketFactoryRegistry);
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom()
.setConnectionManager(connectionManager)
.setDefaultRequestConfig(defaultRequestConfig)
.build();
return httpClient;
}
private static void enableSSL(){
try{
SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
context.init(null,new TrustManager[]{manager},null);
socketFactory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(context, NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE);
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private static TrustManager manager = new X509TrustManager() {
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s) throws CertificateException {
}
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s) throws CertificateException {
}
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
};
}