HttpClient访问网络

网络通讯之间一般采用JSON发送数据。这里只是简单介绍一下HttpClient的GET、POST两种网络请求方式。

1.HttpClient访问网络步骤：

-创建HttpClient对象：
    HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
-创建HttpGet对象（或者HttpPost对象）：
    HttpGet httprequest = new HttpGet("http://www.baidu.com");
    HttpPost httprequest = new HttpPost("http://www.baidu.com");
-如果需要发送请求参数，可以直接将要发送的参数接到URL地址中，也可以调用HttpGet的SetParams()方法添加请求参数；（HttpPost则采用SetParams()或者setEntity()方法）

-利用HttpClient对象的execute()发送请求，并返回一个HttpResp对象：
    HttpResponse httpresponse = httpclient.execute(httprequest);
-调用HttpResponse的getEntity()方法，返回一个HttpEntity对象，通过此对象获取服务器的响应内容。

2、判断响应成功的语句：

httpresponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK

3、HttpClient发送GET请求代码如下：
`

import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultClientConnection;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private Button button;
    private TextView tv;
    private Handler handler;
    private String result = ""; 
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        tv = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.result);
        button = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button);
        button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                new Thread(new Runnable() {

                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        send();
                        Message m = handler.obtainMessage();
                        handler.sendMessage(m);
                    }
                }).start();
            }
        });
        handler = new Handler(){
            @Override
            public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
                if(result != null){
                    tv.setText(result);
                }
                super.handleMessage(msg);
            }
        };

    }
    public void send(){
        String target = "http://www.baidu.com";
        HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();//1. 创建httpclient对象
        HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(target);//2.创建httpget对象
        HttpResponse httpresponse;
        try {
            httpresponse = httpclient.execute(httpget);//3.发请求
            if(httpresponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK){
                result = EntityUtils.toString(httpresponse.getEntity()) ;//4.获取返回的字符串
            }else{
                result = "请求失败";
            }
        } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}


5、HttpClient发送POST请求：一般发送复杂数据时都利用POST


public void send(){
//      String target = "http://192.168.1.101:8080/blog/deal_httpclient.jsp";
    String target = "http://www.baidu.com";
    HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();//1.创建httpclient 对象
    HttpPost httprequest = new HttpPost(target);//2.创建httppost对象
    //将要传递的参数保存到List集合中去
    List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<>();
    params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("param", "POST"));//标记参数
    params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("name", "lili"));//添加昵称
    params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("content", "睡觉了"));//添加内容
    try {
        httprequest.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params,"utf-8"));//设置编码
        HttpResponse httpresponse = httpclient.execute(httprequest);//3.发送请求
        if(httpresponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK){
            result += EntityUtils.toString(httpresponse.getEntity());//4.4.获取返回的字符串 
        }else{
            result = "请求失败";
        }
    } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

}


6、activity_main.xml代码如下：


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:gravity="center_horizontal"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="发送GET请求" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/result"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

</LinearLayout>

`