经典SQL练习题

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-31 16:38:39 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-07-31 16:38:39 发布

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建表

CREATE TABLE student --学生表
(
sno VARCHAR(3) NOT NULL,
sname VARCHAR(4) NOT NULL,
ssex VARCHAR(2) NOT NULL,
sbirthday DATETIME NOT NULL,
class VARCHAR(5)
);

CREATE TABLE course --课程表
(
cno VARCHAR(5) NOT NULL,
cname VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,
tno VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL
);

CREATE TABLE score --成绩表
(
sno VARCHAR(3) NOT NULL,
cno VARCHAR(5) NOT NULL,
degree NUMERIC(10,1) NOT NULL
);

CREATE TABLE teacher --教师表
(
tno VARCHAR(3) NOT NULL,
tname VARCHAR(4) NOT NULL,
tsex VARCHAR(2) NOT NULL,
tbirthday DATETIME NOT NULL,
prof VARCHAR(6) NOT NULL,
depart VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL
);

插数据

#学生表
INSERT INTO student(sno,sname,ssex,sbirthday,class) VALUES (108 ,'曾华' ,'男' ,'1977-09-01',95033);
INSERT INTO student(sno,sname,ssex,sbirthday,class) VALUES (105 ,'匡明' ,'男' ,'1975-10-02',95031);
INSERT INTO student(sno,sname,ssex,sbirthday,class) VALUES (107 ,'王丽' ,'女' ,'1976-01-23',95033);
INSERT INTO student(sno,sname,ssex,sbirthday,class) VALUES (101 ,'李军' ,'男' ,'1976-02-20',95033);
INSERT INTO student(sno,sname,ssex,sbirthday,class) VALUES (109 ,'王芳' ,'女' ,'1975-02-10',95031);
INSERT INTO student(sno,sname,ssex,sbirthday,class) VALUES (103 ,'陆君' ,'男' ,'1974-06-03',95031);

#课程表
INSERT INTO course(cno,cname,tno) VALUES ('3-105' ,'计算机导论',825);
INSERT INTO course(cno,cname,tno) VALUES ('3-245' ,'操作系统' ,804);
INSERT INTO course(cno,cname,tno) VALUES ('6-166' ,'数据电路' ,856);
INSERT INTO course(cno,cname,tno) VALUES ('9-888' ,'高等数学' ,100);

#成绩表
INSERT INTO score(sno,cno,degree) VALUES (103,'3-245',86);
INSERT INTO score(sno,cno,degree) VALUES (105,'3-245',75);
INSERT INTO score(sno,cno,degree) VALUES (109,'3-245',68);
INSERT INTO score(sno,cno,degree) VALUES (103,'3-105',92);
INSERT INTO score(sno,cno,degree) VALUES (105,'3-105',88);
INSERT INTO score(sno,cno,degree) VALUES (109,'3-105',76);
INSERT INTO score(sno,cno,degree) VALUES (101,'3-105',64);
INSERT INTO score(sno,cno,degree) VALUES (107,'3-105',91);
INSERT INTO score(sno,cno,degree) VALUES (108,'3-105',78);
INSERT INTO score(sno,cno,degree) VALUES (101,'6-166',85);
INSERT INTO score(sno,cno,degree) VALUES (107,'6-106',79);
INSERT INTO score(sno,cno,degree) VALUES (108,'6-166',81);

#教师表
INSERT INTO teacher(tno,tname,tsex,tbirthday,prof,depart) VALUES (804,'李诚','男','1958-12-02','副教授','计算机系');
INSERT INTO teacher(tno,tname,tsex,tbirthday,prof,depart) VALUES (856,'张旭','男','1969-03-12','讲师','电子工程系');
INSERT INTO teacher(tno,tname,tsex,tbirthday,prof,depart) VALUES (825,'王萍','女','1972-05-05','助教','计算机系');
INSERT INTO teacher(tno,tname,tsex,tbirthday,prof,depart) VALUES (831,'刘冰','女','1977-08-14','助教','电子工程系');

题目

 1、查询Student表中的所有记录的Sname、Ssex和Class列。

SELECT sname,ssex,class FROM student;

2、查询教师所有的单位即不重复的Depart列。

SELECT DISTINCT depart FROM teacher;

3、查询Student表的所有记录。

SELECT * FROM student;

4、查询Score表中成绩在60到80之间的所有记录。

SELECT * FROM score WHERE degree BETWEEN 60 and 80  ；

5、查询Score表中成绩为85，86或88的记录。

SELECT * FROM score WHERE degree in(85,86,88);

6、查询Student表中“95031”班或性别为“女”的同学记录。

SELECT * FROM student WHERE class=95031 OR ssex='女';

7、以Class降序查询Student表的所有记录。

SELECT * FROM student ORDER BY class DESC;

8、以Cno升序、Degree降序查询Score表的所有记录。

#解法一
SELECT * FROM score ORDER BY cno ASC,degree DESC; 
#解法二
SELECT * FROM score ORDER BY 2 ASC,3 DESC;

 9、查询“95031”班的学生人数。
 

SELECT COUNT(*) FROM student WHERE class='95031';

10、查询Score表中的最高分的学生学号和课程号。

#解法一
SELECT sno,cno FROM score WHERE degree=(SELECT MAX(degree) FROM score);
#解法二(不推荐，如果有多个人分数一样且最高就只输出一条记录) 
SELECT sno,cno FROM score ORDER BY degree DESC LIMIT 1;

 11、查询‘3-105’号课程的平均分。
 

SELECT AVG(degree) FROM score WHERE cno='3-105';

12、查询Score表中至少有5名学生选修的并以3开头的课程的平均分数。

SELECT cno,AVG(degree) FROM score WHERE cno LIKE'3%' GROUP BY cno HAVING COUNT(sno)>5;

13、查询最低分大于70，最高分小于90的Sno列。

SELECT sno FROM score GROUP BY sno HAVING MIN(degree)>70 AND MAX(degree)<90;

14、查询所有学生的Sname、Cno和Degree列。

SELECT a.sname,b.cno,b.degree FROM student a JOIN score b WHERE a.sno=b.sno;

15、查询所有学生的Sno、Cname和Degree列。

SELECT a.sno,b.cname,a.degree FROM score a JOIN course b WHERE a.cno=b.cno;

16、查询所有学生的Sname、Cname和Degree列。

SELECT a.sname,b.cname,c.degree FROM student a JOIN(course b,score c) WHERE a.sno=c.sno AND b.cno=c.cno;

17、查询“95033”班所选课程的平均分。

SELECT AVG(a.degree) FROM score a JOIN student b ON a.sno=b.sno WHERE b.class='95033';

18、假设使用如下命令建立了一个grade表：

#建表
create table grade
(
low  int(3),
upp  int(3),
rank  char(1)
);

#插数据
insert into grade values(90,100,'A');
insert into grade values(80,89,'B');
insert into grade values(70,79,'C');
insert into grade values(60,69,'D');
insert into grade values(0,59,'E');

现查询所有同学的Sno、Cno和rank列。

SELECT a.sno,a.cno,b.rank FROM score a,grade b WHERE a.degree BETWEEN b.low AND b.upp ORDER BY rank;

19、查询选修“3-105”课程的成绩高于“109”号同学成绩的所有同学的记录。

#解法一
SELECT a.* FROM score a WHERE a.cno='3-105' AND a.degree>ALL(SELECT degree FROM score b WHERE b.sno=109 AND b.cno='3-105');
#解法二
SELECT a.* FROM score a JOIN score b WHERE a.cno='3-105' AND a.degree>b.degree AND b.sno=109 AND b.cno='3-105';

 20、查询score中选学多门课程的同学中各科分数为非最高分成绩的记录。
 

SELECT * FROM score a WHERE degree<(SELECT MAX(degree) FROM score b WHERE a.cno=b.cno) AND sno in(SELECT sno FROM score GROUP BY sno HAVING COUNT(*)>1);

  21、查询1975年之后出生的学生的所学课程以及成绩。
  

#解法一
SELECT a.* FROM score a JOIN student b WHERE a.sno=b.sno AND YEAR(b.sbirthday)>1975; 
#解法二
SELECT * FROM score WHERE sno IN(SELECT sno FROM student WHERE YEAR(sbirthday)>1975);

 22、查询和学号为108的同学同年出生的所有学生的Sno、Sname和Sbirthday列。
 

SELECT sno,sname,sbirthday FROM student WHERE YEAR(sbirthday)=(SELECT YEAR(sbirthday) FROM student WHERE sno=108);

23、查询“张旭“教师任课的学生成绩。

SELECT a.sno,a.degree FROM score a JOIN (teacher b,course c) ON a.cno=c.cno AND b.tno=c.tno WHERE b.tname='张旭';

 24、查询选修某课程的同学人数多于5人的教师姓名。
 

SELECT a.tname FROM teacher a JOIN course b ON a.tno=b.tno WHERE b.cno in(SELECT cno FROM score GROUP BY cno HAVING COUNT(*)>5);

25、查询95033班和95031班全体学生的记录。

#解法一
SELECT * FROM student WHERE class='95033' OR class='95031';
#解法二
SELECT * FROM student WHERE class in('95033','95031');

 26、查询存在有85分以上成绩的课程Cno。
 

#解法一
SELECT cno FROM score GROUP BY cno HAVING MAX(degree)>85; 
#解法二
SELECT DISTINCT cno FROM score WHERE degree in (SELECT degree FROM score WHERE degree>85);

  27、查询出“计算机系“教师所教课程的成绩表。
  

#解法一
SELECT a.* FROM score a JOIN(teacher b,course c) ON a.cno=c.cno AND b.tno=c.tno WHERE b.depart='计算机系';
#解法二（此时2略好于1，在多连接的境况下性能会迅速下降  。）
SELECT * FROM score WHERE cno in (SELECT a.cno FROM course a JOIN teacher b ON a.tno=b.tno AND b.depart='计算机系');

28、查询“计算机系”与“电子工程系“不同职称的教师的Tname和Prof。

SELECT tname,prof FROM teacher WHERE depart='计算机系' AND prof not in (SELECT prof FROM teacher WHERE depart='电子工程系');

29、查询选修编号为“3-105“课程且成绩至少高于选修编号为“3-245”的同学的Cno、Sno和Degree,并按Degree从高到低次序排序。

#解法一
SELECT * FROM score WHERE cno='3-105' AND degree >(SELECT MIN(degree) FROM score WHERE cno='3-245');
#解法二
SELECT * FROM score WHERE cno='3-105' AND degree>ANY(SELECT degree FROM score WHERE cno='3-245') ORDER BY degree DESC;

30、查询选修编号为“3-105”且成绩高于选修编号为“3-245”课程的同学的Cno、Sno和Degree。

#解法一
SELECT * FROM score WHERE cno='3-105' AND degree >(SELECT MAX(degree) FROM score WHERE cno='3-245');
#解法二
SELECT * FROM score WHERE cno='3-105' AND degree >ALL(SELECT degree FROM score WHERE cno='3-245');

31、查询所有教师和同学的name、sex和birthday。

SELECT sname name,ssex sex,sbirthday birthday FROM student
UNION
SELECT tname name,tsex sex,tbirthday birthday FROM teacher;

32、查询所有“女”教师和“女”同学的name、sex和birthday。

SELECT sname name,ssex sex,sbirthday birthday FROM student where ssex='女'
UNION
SELECT tname name,tsex sex,tbirthday birthday FROM teacher where tsex='女';

 33、查询成绩比该课程平均成绩低的同学的成绩表。
 

SELECT * FROM score a WHERE degree<(SELECT AVG(degree) FROM score b WHERE a.cno=b.cno);

注意题目求的是“该课程”而不是“所有课程”

举例数据

cno	degree
001	40
001	60
002	80
002	200

该课程平均分

cno	avg
001	50
002	140

所有课程平均分

cno	avg
*	190

该课程查询结果

cno	degree
001	40
002	80

所有课程查询结果

cno	degree
001	40
001	60
002	80

 34、查询所有任课教师的Tname和Depart。
 

#解法一
SELECT a.tname,a.depart FROM teacher a JOIN course b ON a.tno=b.tno; 
#解法二
SELECT tname,depart FROM teacher WHERE tno in(SELECT tno FROM course); 实际分析，第一种揭发貌似更好，至少扫描次数最少。

35、查询所有未讲课的教师的Tname和Depart。

SELECT tname,depart FROM teacher WHERE tno not in(SELECT tno FROM course);

36、查询至少有2名男生的班号。

#解法一
SELECT class FROM student WHERE ssex='男' GROUP BY class HAVING COUNT(*)>=2;
#解法二
SELECT class FROM student WHERE ssex='男' GROUP BY class HAVING COUNT(ssex)>1;

37、查询Student表中不姓“王”的同学记录。

SELECT * FROM student WHERE sname not like'王%';

38、查询Student表中每个学生的姓名和年龄。

SELECT sname,(YEAR(NOW())-YEAR(sbirthday)) AS age FROM student;

39、查询Student表中最大和最小的Sbirthday日期值。

SELECT MAX(sbirthday),MIN(sbirthday) FROM student;

 40、以班号和年龄从大到小的顺序查询Student表中的全部记录。
 

SELECT class,(YEAR(NOW())-YEAR(sbirthday)) AS age FROM student ORDER BY class DESC,age DESC;

41、查询“男”教师及其所上的课程。

SELECT a.cname,b.tname FROM course a JOIN teacher b ON a.tno=b.tno WHERE b.tsex='男';

42、查询最高分同学的Sno、Cno和Degree列。

SELECT a.* FROM score a where degree=(SELECT MAX(degree) FROM score b);

43、查询和“李军”同性别并同班的同学Sname。

SELECT sname FROM student a where ssex=(SELECT ssex FROM student b WHERE b.sname='李军');

44、查询和“李军”同性别并同班的同学Sname。

SELECT sname FROM student a where ssex=(SELECT ssex FROM student b WHERE b.sname='李军') AND class=(SELECT class FROM student c where c.sname='李军');

45、查询所有选修“计算机导论”课程的“男”同学的成绩表。

SELECT * FROM score WHERE sno in(SELECT sno FROM student WHERE ssex='男') AND cno in (SELECT cno FROM course WHERE cname='计算机导论'); 

#错误解法
SELECT * FROM score WHERE sno in(SELECT sno FROM student WHERE ssex='男') AND cno in (SELECT cno FROM course WHERE cname='计算机导论');