iOS - 操作文件目录的方法

使用目录的常用方法:

//获取当前目录
- (NSString *)currentDirectoryPath 

//更改当前目录
- (BOOL)changeCurrentDirectoryPath:(NSString *)path  

//复制目录或文件
- (BOOL)copyItemAtPath:(NSString *)srcPath toPath:(NSString *)dstPath error:(NSError **)error  

//创建一个新的目录
- (BOOL)createDirectoryAtPath:(NSString *)path withIntermediateDirectories:(BOOL)createIntermediates attributes:(NSDictionary *)attributes error:(NSError **)error  

//测试文件是不是目录
- (BOOL)fileExistsAtPath:(NSString *)path isDirectory:(BOOL *)isDirectory

//列出目录下的内容(不会递归)
- (NSArray *)contentsOfDirectoryAtPath:(NSString *)path error:(NSError **)error

//枚举目录内容(会递归)
- (NSDirectoryEnumerator *)enumeratorAtPath:(NSString *)path

//删除一个文件,文件夹,链接
- (BOOL)removeItemAtPath:(NSString *)path error:(NSError **)error

//移动(重命名)目录到一个指定的路径
- (BOOL)moveItemAtPath:(NSString *)srcPath toPath:(NSString *)dstPath error:(NSError **)error

    //操作目录
    NSFileManager *fm = [[NSFileManager alloc]init];  
    NSString *dirName = @"testdir";
    NSString *path = [fm currentDirectoryPath]; //获取当前目录路径.
    
    //新建目录
    if ([fm createDirectoryAtPath:dirName withIntermediateDirectories:YES attributes:nil error:NULL] == NO) {
        NSLog(@"Couldn't create dir"); 
    }
    
    //重命名目录 
    if ([fm moveItemAtPath:dirName toPath:@"newdir" error:NULL] == NO) {
        NSLog(@"Directory rename failed"); 
    }
    
    //修改路径到新目录
    if ([fm changeCurrentDirectoryPath:@"newdir"] == NO) {
        NSLog(@"change directory failed"); 
    }
    
    //返回当前路径
    path = [fm currentDirectoryPath]; 
    NSLog(@"Current directory path is %@",path);
    
    //删除目录
    if ([fm removeItemAtPath:path error:NULL] == NO) {
        NSLog(@"remove directory failed");
    }

    //枚举目录中的内容
    NSArray *dirArray;
    NSFileManager *fm = [[NSFileManager alloc]init];
    NSString *dirPath = [fm currentDirectoryPath];  //当前目录
    NSDirectoryEnumerator *dirEnum = [fm enumeratorAtPath:dirPath]; //开始枚举过程,将其存入dirEnum中.
    
    //向dirEnum发送nextObject消息,返回下一个文件路径,当没有可供枚举时,返回nil.
    //enumeratorAtPath:方法会递归打印.
    NSString *file;
    while ((file = [dirEnum nextObject])) {
        if ([[file pathExtension] isEqualToString: @"doc"]){ //找出目录下面所有的doc文件
            NSString *fullPath = [dirPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:file];
            NSLog(@"%@",fullPath);
        } 
    }
    
    dirArray = [fm contentsOfDirectoryAtPath:[fm currentDirectoryPath] error:NULL];
    NSLog(@"内容为:"); //使用contentsOfDirectoryAtPath:方法枚举当前路径中的文件并存入数组dirArray.  
    for (NSString *path in dirArray){  //快速枚举数组中的内容并打印.
        NSLog(@"%@",path);
    }

    NSFileManager *fm = [[NSFileManager alloc]init];   
    NSString *fName = @"path.m";
    NSString *upath = @"~s0s0/123/xxx/../321/./path.m";
    NSString *path, *tempdir, *extension, *homedir, *fullpath;
    NSArray *components;
    
    fm = [[NSFileManager alloc]init];
    
    //NSTemporaryDirectory()函数返回可以用来创建临时文件的目录路径名,如果要创建文件,完成任务后要删除;确保文件名是唯一的.
    tempdir = NSTemporaryDirectory();  
    NSLog(@"临时文件夹路径为:%@",tempdir);
    
    path = [fm currentDirectoryPath]; //返回当前目录路径
    //lastPathComponent方法用与提取路径中最后一个目录名.
    NSLog(@"父目录名: %@",[path lastPathComponent]);
    
    //stringByAppendingPathComponent:方法将文件名插入到路径的末尾,这样就能显示一个文件的完整路径.
    fullpath = [path stringByAppendingPathComponent:fName]; 
    NSLog(@"完整路径为:%@ to %@",fName,fullpath); 
    
    //pathExtension方法返回一个完整路径中的文件扩展名,如果没有扩展名,就返回空字符.
    extension = [fullpath pathExtension]; 
    NSLog(@"extension for %@ is %@ ",fullpath, extension);
    
    //NSHomeDirectory()函数返回当前用户的主目录
    //NSHomeDirectoryForUser(username)函数可以提供用户名做参数,并返回主目录名
    homedir = NSHomeDirectory(); 
    NSLog(@"主目录为 : %@",homedir);
    
    //pathComponents方法返回一个数组,数组中包含一个路径中的每个组成部分.
    components = [homedir pathComponents]; 
    for (path in components){
        NSLog(@"%@",path); //依次输出数组components中保存的元素.
    }
        
    //stringByStandardizingPath方法将原路径中的代字符转化为完整路径.
    //如果是路径名字中出现代字符,可以使用stringByExpandingTildeInPath方法. 
    NSLog(@"%@ -> %@",upath, [upath stringByStandardizingPath]);