Android Listview显示网络下载的图片

从网络上下载图片在Listview中显示，网上相关例子非常多，抄了一些过来，大致能看懂，但是让自己写，肯定还是写不出来的，暂且记下来吧。大致效果如下

1.FileCache,将从网络上下载的图片保存在本地

import java.io.File;

import android.content.Context;

public class FileCache {
	private File cacheDir;

	public FileCache(Context context) {
		// 如果有SD卡则在SD卡中建一个LazyList的目录存放缓存的图片
		// 没有SD卡就放在系统的缓存目录中

		if (android.os.Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(android.os.Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
			cacheDir = new File(android.os.Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), "LazyList");
		} else {
			cacheDir = context.getCacheDir();
		}
		if (!cacheDir.exists()) {
			cacheDir.mkdirs();
		}
	}

	public File getFile(String url){
		// 将url的hashCode作为缓存的文件名
		String fileName = String.valueOf(url.hashCode());
		return new File(cacheDir,fileName);
	}
	
	public void clear(){
		File[] files = cacheDir.listFiles();
		if (files == null) {
			return;
		}
		for (File file : files) {
			file.delete();
		}
	}
}

2.MemoryCache，将下载的图片存放在内存中

import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;

public class MemoryCache {
	private Map<String, Bitmap> cache = Collections.synchronizedMap(new LinkedHashMap<String, Bitmap>(10, 1.5f, true));
	
	// 缓存中图片所占用的字节，初始0，将通过此变量严格控制缓存所占用的堆内存
	private long size = 0;
	
	// 缓存只能占用的最大堆内存
	private long limit = 1000000;
	
	public MemoryCache(){
		// use 25% of available heap size
		setLimit(Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory() / 4);
	}
	
	public void setLimit(long new_limit){
		limit = new_limit;
	}
	
	public Bitmap get(String id){
		try {
			if (!cache.containsKey(id)) {
				return null;
			}else {
				return cache.get(id);
			}
		} catch (NullPointerException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			return null;
		}
	}
	
	long getSizeInBytes(Bitmap bitmap){
		//图片占用的内存
		if (bitmap == null) {
			return 0;
		}else {
			return bitmap.getRowBytes() * bitmap.getHeight();
		}
	}
	
	public void put(String id, Bitmap bitmap){
		try {
			if (cache.containsKey(id)) {
				size -= getSizeInBytes(cache.get(id));
			}else {
				cache.put(id, bitmap);
				size += getSizeInBytes(bitmap);
				checkSize();
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	public void checkSize() {
		// 严格控制堆内存，如果超过将首先替换最近最少使用的那个图片缓存
		if (size > limit) {
			Iterator<Entry<String, Bitmap>> iter = cache.entrySet().iterator();
			while(iter.hasNext()){
				Entry<String, Bitmap> entry = iter.next();
				size -= getSizeInBytes(entry.getValue());
				iter.remove();
				if (size <= limit) {
					break;
				}
			}
		} 
	}
	
	public void clear() {
		cache.clear();
	}
}

3.ImageLoader，下载图片，更新UI

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.WeakHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

import android.R.menu;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.widget.ImageButton;
import android.widget.ImageView;

public class ImageLoader {
	MemoryCache memoryCache = new MemoryCache();
	FileCache fileCache;
	private Map<ImageView, String> imageViews = Collections.synchronizedMap(new WeakHashMap<ImageView, String>());
	ExecutorService executorService;  // 线程池
	
	public ImageLoader(Context context){
		fileCache = new FileCache(context);
		executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);
	}
	
	public void displayImage(String url, ImageView imageView){
		imageViews.put(imageView, url);
		Bitmap bitmap = memoryCache.get(url); // 先从内存缓存中查找
		if (bitmap != null) {
			imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
		}else {
			// 若没有的话则开启新线程加载图片
			queuePhoto(url, imageView);
		}
	}
	
	private void queuePhoto(String url, ImageView imageView) {
		PhotoToLoad photoToLoad = new PhotoToLoad(url, imageView);
		executorService.submit(new PhotosLoader(photoToLoad));
	}
	
	class PhotosLoader implements Runnable{
		PhotoToLoad photoToLoad;
		
		public PhotosLoader(PhotoToLoad photoToLoad) {
			this.photoToLoad = photoToLoad;
		}
		@Override
		public void run() {
			if (imageViewReused(photoToLoad)) {
				return;
			}
			Bitmap bmp = getBitmap(photoToLoad.url);
			memoryCache.put(photoToLoad.url, bmp);
			if (imageViewReused(photoToLoad)) {
					return;
			}
			BitmapDisplayer bd = new BitmapDisplayer(bmp, photoToLoad);
			Activity activity = (Activity) photoToLoad.imageView.getContext();
			activity.runOnUiThread(bd);
			 // 更新的操作放在UI线程中
		}
	}
	
	class BitmapDisplayer implements Runnable{
		Bitmap bitmap;
		PhotoToLoad photoToLoad;
		
		public BitmapDisplayer(Bitmap bitmap, PhotoToLoad photoToLoad) {
			BitmapDisplayer.this.bitmap = bitmap;
			BitmapDisplayer.this.photoToLoad = photoToLoad;
		}
		@Override
		public void run() {
			if (imageViewReused(photoToLoad)) {
				return;
			}
			
			if (bitmap != null) {
				photoToLoad.imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
			}
		}
	}
	
	private Bitmap getBitmap(String url) {
		File f = fileCache.getFile(url);
		
		// 先从文件缓存中查找是否有
		Bitmap b = decodeFile(f);
		if (b != null) {
			return b;
		}
		// 最后从指定的url中下载图片
		try {
			
			Bitmap bitmap = null;
			URL imageUrl = new URL(url);
			HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection)imageUrl.openConnection();
			connection.setConnectTimeout(30000);
			connection.setReadTimeout(30000);
			connection.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);
			InputStream is = connection.getInputStream();
			OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(f);
			copyStream(is, os);
			os.close();
			bitmap = decodeFile(f);
			
			return bitmap;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			return null;
		}
	}
	
	public static void copyStream(InputStream is, OutputStream os) {
		final int buffer_size = 1024;
		try {
			byte[] bytes = new byte[buffer_size];
			for(;;){
				int count = is.read(bytes, 0, buffer_size);
				if (count == -1) {
					break;
				}
				os.write(bytes, 0, count);
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	private Bitmap decodeFile(File f) {
		try {
			BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
			options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;   // 如果设置为true，并不会把图像的数据完全解码，亦即decodeXyz()返回值为null，但是Options的outAbc中解出了图像的基本信息
			BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new FileInputStream(f), null, options);
			final int REQUIRED_SIZE = 70;
			int width_tmp = options.outHeight, height_tmp = options.outHeight, scale = 1;
			while (true) {
				if (width_tmp / 2 < REQUIRED_SIZE || height_tmp / 2 < REQUIRED_SIZE) {
					break;
				}
				width_tmp /= 2;
				height_tmp /= 2;
				scale *= 2;
			}
			BitmapFactory.Options options2 = new BitmapFactory.Options();
			options2.inSampleSize = scale;
			return BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new FileInputStream(f), null, options2);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return null;
	}
	
	boolean imageViewReused(PhotoToLoad photoToLoad){   //防止图片错位
		String tag = imageViews.get(photoToLoad.imageView);
		if (tag == null || !tag.equals(photoToLoad.url)) {
			return true;
		}
		return false;
	}
	
	private class PhotoToLoad{
		public String url;
		public ImageView imageView;
		
		public PhotoToLoad(String u, ImageView i){
			url = u;
			imageView = i;
		}
	}
}