javascript 常用字符串方法总结
MDN 文档
1. 返回字符串中指定的字符 (.charAt()
)
- 原字符串不改变
- 参数:index 需要查询的索引
- 返回值:查找到的字符
const a = 'abcdef1234567';
const ret = a.charAt(3);
console.log(a);
console.log(ret);
2. 返回指定字符串中指定字符的 Unicode 码 (.charCodeAt()
)
- 原字符串不改变
- 参数:index 需要查询的索引
- 返回值:查找到的字符的 Unicode 码
const a = 'abcdef1234567';
const ret = a.charCodeAt(3);
console.log(a);
console.log(ret);
3. 返回使用指定的Unicode值序列创建的字符串 (String.fromCharCode()
)
- 原字符串不改变
- 参数:Unicode 码
- 返回值:对应的字符串
const ret = String.fromCharCode(65,66,67)
console.log(ret);
4. 返回字符串中出现指定值的第一个或者最后一个索引 (.indexOf() / lastIndexOf()
)
- 原字符串不改变
- 参数:searchValue (查询的值) fromIndex 起始查询位置
- 返回值:指定值第一次出现的索引,没有的话返回 -1
const a = 'abcdef1234567abcd';
const ret0 = a.indexOf('abc');
const ret1 = a.lastIndexOf('abc');
const ret2 = a.indexOf('abc', 4);
console.log(ret0);
console.log(ret1);
console.log(ret2);
5. 大小写转换 (.toLowerCase() / .toUpperCase()
)
const a = 'abCDef1234567ABcd';
const ret0 = a.toLowerCase();
const ret1 = a.toUpperCase();
console.log(ret0);
console.log(ret1);
console.log(a);
6. 选取字符串 (.substr() / .substring() / .slice()
)
const a = 'abCDef1234567ABcd';
const ret0 = a.substr(2,10);
const ret1 = a.substring(2, 10);
const ret2 = a.slice(2, 10);
const ret3 = a.substring(-3, -1);
const ret4 = a.slice(-3, -1);
console.log(ret0);
console.log(ret1);
console.log(ret2);
console.log(ret3);
console.log(ret4);
console.log(a);
7. 正则相关 (.replace() / .match() / search()
)
const a = 'abCDef1234567ABcd';
const ret0 = a.replace(/abcd/i, 'A%B%C%D%');
console.log(ret0);
console.log(a);
const a = 'abCDef1234567ABcd';
const ret0 = a.match(/abcd/ig);
const ret1 = a.match(/abcd/i);
console.log(ret0);
console.log(ret1);
console.log(a);
const a = '123abCDef1234567ABcd';
const ret0 = a.search(/abcd/ig);
const ret1 = a.search(/ddd/i);
console.log(ret0);
console.log(ret1);
console.log(a);
8. 字符串拼接 (.concat()
)
- 原字符串不改变
- 参数:要拼接的字符串
- 返回值: 拼接后的字符串
const a = 'abcsddad';
const b = '1234';
const ret0 = a.concat(b);
console.log(ret0);
console.log(a);
9. 判断字符串中是否包含另一个字符串 (.includes()
)
- 原字符串不改变
- 参数:需要查找的字符串
- 返回值: true | false 是否包含
const a = 'abcsddad';
const ret0 = a.includes('abc');
console.log(ret0);
console.log(a);
10. 构造重复字符串 (.repeat()
)
- 原字符串不改变
- 参数:需要重复的次数 (>= 0 浮点数会被转换成整数)
- 返回值: 重复后的字符串
const a = 'abc';
const ret0 = a.repeat(3);
console.log(ret0);
console.log(a);
11. 判断一个字符串是否由另外一个字符串开头或者结尾 (.startsWith() / endsWith
)
const a = 'abc1231ddad12';
const ret0 = a.startsWith('abc');
const ret1 = a.endsWith('12');
console.log(ret0);
console.log(ret1);
console.log(a);
12. 字符串两边删除空白字符 (.trim()
)
const a = ' hello hello ';
const ret0 = a.trim('abc');
console.log(ret0);
console.log(a);