Fragment动态添加、及与Activity数据传递

Mr_Leixiansheng

已于 2023-06-29 17:33:56 修改

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分类专栏：安卓初学文章标签： gitee android

于 2017-01-07 15:15:52 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/mr_leixiansheng/article/details/54174348

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转载请注明出处：Fragment动态添加、及与Activity数据传递_Mr_Leixiansheng的博客-CSDN博客

1、Fragment静态添加： Fragment静态添加_android 添加两个fragment_Mr_Leixiansheng的博客-CSDN博客

2、Fragment动态添加： Fragment动态添加、及与Activity数据传递_Mr_Leixiansheng的博客-CSDN博客

步骤：（前两步与静态添加相同）

1、添加fragment_1、fragment_2的 xml文件，设置好显示内容

2、新建Fragment1、Fragment2两个类、重写 onCreateView （注意：导入的Fragment包一定要对应，否则要出错；一旦出错，可以先检查包是否导错）

public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_2, container, false);
    }

（不同于静态添加处）

3、activity_main.xml布局中添加两个按钮、添加Fragment并加入之前定义的fragment_1、fragment_2（name:全路径名）

4、主程序中动态添加

代码如下：

1、添加fragment_1、fragment_2的 xml文件，设置好显示内容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="#aa0000">

    <TextView
        android:text="This is fragement1"
        android:textSize="50dp"
        android:textColor="#dd0"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

</LinearLayout>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="#0000aa">

    <TextView
        android:text="This is fragement2"
        android:textSize="50dp"
        android:textColor="#0fe"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

</LinearLayout>

2、新建Fragment1、Fragment2两个类、重写 onCreateView

package com.example.administrator.fragment;

import android.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/1/7.
 */

public class Fragment1 extends Fragment {

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_1, container, false);
    }
}

package com.example.administrator.fragment;

import android.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/1/7.
 */

public class Fragment2 extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_2, container, false);
    }
}

3、activity_main.xml布局中添加两个按钮、添加Fragment

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:baselineAligned="false">


    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_show_fragment1"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="显示Fragment1"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_show_fragment2"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="显示Fragment2"/>

    <FrameLayout
        android:id="@+id/fragment_container"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">

        <fragment
            android:name="com.example.administrator.fragment.Fragment1"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            tools:layout="@layout/fragment_1" />
        <fragment
            android:name="com.example.administrator.fragment.Fragment2"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            tools:layout="@layout/fragment_2" />
    </FrameLayout>


</LinearLayout>

4、主程序中动态添加

package com.example.administrator.fragment;

import android.app.FragmentManager;
import android.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        Button btnLoadFrag1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_show_fragment1);
        btnLoadFrag1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                FragmentManager manager = getFragmentManager();
                FragmentTransaction transaction = manager.beginTransaction();
                Fragment1 fragment1 = new Fragment1();
                transaction.add(R.id.fragment_container, fragment1);
                transaction.commit();
            }
        });

        Button btnLoagFrag2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_show_fragment2);
        btnLoagFrag2.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                FragmentManager manager = getFragmentManager();
                FragmentTransaction transaction = manager.beginTransaction();
                Fragment2 fragment2 = new Fragment2();
                transaction.add(R.id.fragment_container, fragment2);
                transaction.commit();
            }
        });
    }
}

动态添加Fragment主要包括5步：

1、创建添加碎片实例

2、获取FragmentManager

3、开启事务，beginTransaction();

4、向容器添加碎片

5、commit提交事务

Kotlin写法:

package com.leixiansheng.kotlintest

import android.app.Fragment
import android.os.Bundle
import android.view.LayoutInflater
import android.view.View
import android.view.ViewGroup

/**
 * Created by Leixiansheng on 2018/11/19.
 */
class Fragment1 : Fragment() {

    override fun onCreateView(inflater: LayoutInflater?, container: ViewGroup?, savedInstanceState: Bundle?): View {
        return inflater!!.inflate(R.layout.fragment_1, container,false)
    }
}

package com.leixiansheng.kotlintest

import android.app.Fragment
import android.os.Bundle
import android.view.LayoutInflater
import android.view.View
import android.view.ViewGroup

/**
 * Created by Leixiansheng on 2018/11/19.
 */
class Fragment2 : Fragment() {

    override fun onCreateView(inflater: LayoutInflater?, container: ViewGroup?, savedInstanceState: Bundle?): View {
        return inflater!!.inflate(R.layout.fragment_2, container,false)
    }
}

package com.leixiansheng.kotlintest

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.os.Bundle
import android.view.Window
import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_main.*

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity(){


    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        supportRequestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

       btn_show_fragment1.setOnClickListener{
           val manager = fragmentManager
           val transaction = manager.beginTransaction()
           transaction.replace(R.id.fragment_container,Fragment1()).commit()
       }

        btn_show_fragment2.setOnClickListener{
            val manager = fragmentManager
            val transaction = manager.beginTransaction()
            transaction.add(R.id.fragment_container,Fragment2()).commit()
        }
    }
}

Fragment 与 Activity数据传递
1、Activity 传递数据给Fragment 通过获取到Fragment 对象，再调用其内部方法

1、Fragment 传递数据给 Activity 通过强转 ((xxx) getActivity())，再调用Activity 内部方法

代码如下：

Fragment1与Fragment2相同，只贴一个

public class Fragment1 extends Fragment {

	@BindView(R.id.tvContent)
	TextView mTvContent;
	@BindView(R.id.input)
	EditText mInput;
	@BindView(R.id.btnSend)
	Button mBtnSend;

	private Unbinder unbinder;

	@Nullable
	@Override
	public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_1, container, false);
		unbinder = ButterKnife.bind(this, view);
		return view;
	}

	/**
	 * 对外暴露方法，获取数据
	 *
	 * @param str
	 */
	public void setText(String str) {
		mTvContent.setText(str);
	}

	@OnClick(R.id.btnSend)
	public void onViewClicked() {
		//强转 获取到绑定Fragment对应的Activity
		String content = mInput.getText().toString();
		((MainActivity) getActivity()).setText(content);
	}

	@Override
	public void onDestroyView() {
		super.onDestroyView();
		unbinder.unbind();
	}
}

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

	@BindView(R.id.btnF1)
	Button mBtnF1;
	@BindView(R.id.btnF2)
	Button mBtnF2;
	@BindView(R.id.btnSend)
	Button mBtnSend;
	@BindView(R.id.etContent)
	EditText mEtContent;
	private PermissionListener mListener;
	private Fragment mFragment;

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		ButterKnife.bind(this);
	}

	@OnClick({R.id.btnF1, R.id.btnF2, R.id.btnSend})
	public void onViewClicked(View view) {
		switch (view.getId()) {
			case R.id.btnF1:
				showFragment(1);
				break;
			case R.id.btnF2:
				showFragment(2);
				break;
			case R.id.btnSend:
				String content = mEtContent.getText().toString();
				//mFragment不为空，且判断是哪个碎片
				if (mFragment != null) {
					if (mFragment instanceof Fragment1) {
						((Fragment1) mFragment).setText(content);
					} else if (mFragment instanceof Fragment2) {
						((Fragment2) mFragment).setText(content);
					}
				}
				break;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 显示界面
	 * @param page
	 */
	private void showFragment(int page) {
		mFragment = null;
		if (page == 1) {
			mFragment = new Fragment1();
		} else if (page == 2) {
			mFragment = new Fragment2();
		} else {
			return;
		}
		//获取fragment管理器
		FragmentManager manager = getFragmentManager();
		//开启事务
		FragmentTransaction transaction = manager.beginTransaction();
		//设置要显示的fragment界面
		transaction.replace(R.id.fragmentLayout, mFragment);
		//提交
		transaction.commit();
	}

	/**
	 * 暴露给Fragment方法，获取数据
	 */
	public void setText(String str) {
		mEtContent.setText(str);
	}
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

  <LinearLayout
      android:layout_width="wrap_content"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:orientation="vertical">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnF1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="碎片1"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnF2"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="碎片2"/>

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/etContent"
        android:layout_width="80dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnSend"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="传递数据"/>
  </LinearLayout>

  <FrameLayout
      android:id="@+id/fragmentLayout"
      android:layout_width="0dp"
      android:layout_weight="1"
      android:layout_height="match_parent"/>

</LinearLayout>