webservice实例

最新推荐文章于 2023-02-03 11:14:51 发布

Mr_Walter

最新推荐文章于 2023-02-03 11:14:51 发布

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分类专栏： webService

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Web Services是由企业发布的完成其特定商务需求的在线应用服务，其他公司或应用软件能够通过Internet来访问并使用这项在线服务。

Web Service的关键技术和规则:

1.XML:描述数据的标准方法.

2.SOAP：表示信息交换的协议（简单对象访问协议）.

3.WSDL：Web服务描述语言.

4.UDDI:通用描述、发现与集成，他是一种独立于平台，基于XML语言的用于在互联网上描述商务的协议。

一、利用JDK web服务api实现，这里使用基于SOAP message的Web Service：

1.首先创建一个Web Services项目，作为Web services Endpoint.

2.创建一个HelloService.java类

package com.yjpeng.hello;  
 
import javax.jws.WebService;  
import javax.jws.WebMethod;  
import javax.xml.ws.Endpoint;  
  
@WebService  
public class HelloService {  
      
    @WebMethod  
    public String sayHello(String message){  
        return "Hello ," + message;  
    }  
      
    public static void main(String[] args) {  
        //create and publish an endPoint  
        HelloService hello = new HelloService();  
      Endpoint endPoint = Endpoint.publish("http://localhost:8080/helloService", hello);  
  }  
}

package com.yjpeng.hello; import javax.jws.WebService; import javax.jws.WebMethod; import javax.xml.ws.Endpoint; @WebService public class HelloService { @WebMethod public String sayHello(String message){ return "Hello ," + message; } public static void main(String[] args) { //create and publish an endPoint HelloService hello = new HelloService(); Endpoint endPoint = Endpoint.publish("http://localhost:8080/helloService", hello); } }

3.使用apt编译HelloService.java(例如: apt -d bin(bin存放编译后的文件目录) scr/com/yjpeng/hello/HelloService.java)后，会生成jaxws目录。

4.使用java com.yjpeng.hello.HelloService执行HelloService.java文件，在浏览器中输入http://localhost:8080/helloService?wsdl出现如下图

5.使用wsimport命令生成客户端:wsimport -p com.yjpeng.webservice -keep http://localhost:8080/helloService?wsdl 这时会在当前目录中生成如下文件：

6.编写好客户端文件HelloClient.java

package com.yjpeng.hello;
import com.yjpeng.webservice.HelloServiceService;
public class HelloClient {
public static void main(String[] args) {
HelloServiceService helloServiceService = new HelloServiceService();
com.yjpeng.webservice.HelloService helloService = helloServiceService.getHelloServicePort();
System.out.println(helloService.sayHello("你好"));
}
}

运行结果在控制台输出 hello,你好证明利用JDK web服务API实现web service成功！

二、使用xfire框架，我这里使用的是MyEclipse集成的xfire进行测试，利用xfire开发WebService可以有三种方法：

a.一种是从JavaBean中生成。

b.一种是从wsdl文件中生成。

c.一种是自己建立webservice。

具体实现步骤如下：

1.用Myeclipse建立webService工程(注意:Web Service&J2EE Details中的Framework选XFire)，目录结构如下：

2.创建IHello.java接口

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package com.yjpeng.hello;
public interface IHello {
public String sayHello(String message);
}

3.创建IHelloImpl.java实现IHello.java接口

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package com.yjpeng.hello;
public class IHelloImpl implements IHello {
public String sayHello(String message) {
return message;
}
}

4.修改Service.xml文件，加入以下代码

<service>

<name>HelloService</name>

<serviceClass>
com.yjpeng.hello.IHello
</serviceClass>

<implementationClass>
com.yjpeng.hello.IHelloImpl
</implementationClass>

<style>wrapped</style>
<use>literal</use>
<scope>application</scope>
</service>

5.把该Web Service项目部署到tomcat里面启动tomcat在浏览器地址栏输入http://localhost:8080/TestWebServices/services/Hello?wsdl 出现如下图

6.然后在展开HelloService后面的wsdl可以看到

7.创建一个客户端HelloClient.java类

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import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import org.codehaus.xfire.XFireFactory;
import org.codehaus.xfire.client.Client;
import org.codehaus.xfire.client.XFireProxyFactory;
import org.codehaus.xfire.service.Service;
import org.codehaus.xfire.service.binding.ObjectServiceFactory;
import com.yjpeng.hello.IHello;
public class HelloClient {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Service s = new ObjectServiceFactory().create(IHello.class);
XFireProxyFactory xf = new XFireProxyFactory(XFireFactory.newInstance().getXFire());
String url="http://192.168.122.128:8080/TestWebServices/services/HelloService";
IHello hello;
try {
hello = (IHello)xf.create(s, url);
System.out.println(hello.sayHello("你好"));
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
try {
//这个是在java端调用.net写的远程Web Service 如果调用本机写的只需要把URL中的地址换成本机能访问的地址即可
Client c = new Client(new URL("http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/qqOnlineWebService.asmx?wsdl"));
Object[] o = c.invoke("qqCheckOnline", new String[]{"271751507"});
System.out.println(o.length);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

import org.codehaus.xfire.XFireFactory;
import org.codehaus.xfire.client.Client;
import org.codehaus.xfire.client.XFireProxyFactory;
import org.codehaus.xfire.service.Service;
import org.codehaus.xfire.service.binding.ObjectServiceFactory;

import com.yjpeng.hello.IHello;

public class HelloClient {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Service s = new ObjectServiceFactory().create(IHello.class);
		XFireProxyFactory xf = new XFireProxyFactory(XFireFactory.newInstance().getXFire());
		String url="http://192.168.122.128:8080/TestWebServices/services/HelloService";
		IHello hello;
		try {
			hello = (IHello)xf.create(s, url);
			System.out.println(hello.sayHello("你好"));
		} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		try {
			//这个是在java端调用.net写的远程Web Service 如果调用本机写的只需要把URL中的地址换成本机能访问的地址即可
			Client c = new Client(new URL("http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/qqOnlineWebService.asmx?wsdl"));
			Object[] o = c.invoke("qqCheckOnline", new String[]{"271751507"});
			System.out.println(o.length);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

运行HelloClient.java类可以输出你好 1.

三、使用axis1.4开发webservice方法

首先下载axis1.4包和tomcat服务器，并将解压后的axis1.4包下面的webapps下的axis目录复制到tomcat服务器的webapps文件夹中。axis支持三种Web Service的部署和开发，分别为:

a.Dynamic Invocation Interface(DII)

b.Stubs 方式

c.Dynamic Proxy方式

1.编写DII(Dynamic Invocation Interface)方式Web Service

a.编写服务程序HelloClient.java

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public class HelloClient
{
public String getName(String name){
return "hello," + name;
}
}

b.将HelloClient.java文件拷贝到axis_home下，重命名为HelloClient.jws.

c.访问链接http://localhost:8080/axis/HelloClient.jws?wsdl页面显示axis自动生成的wsdl文件

d.编写访问服务的客户端TestHelloClient.java需要导入相应的axis.jar包，在下载的axis的WEB-INF/lib/目录下。

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package com.yjpeng.webservice;
import java.net.URL;
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
import org.apache.axis.client.Call;
import org.apache.axis.client.Service;
public class TestHelloClient {
public static void main(String[] args){
try{
String endpoint = "http://localhost:8080/axis/HelloClient.jws";
Service service = new Service();
Call call = (Call)service.createCall();
call.setOperationName(new QName(endpoint, "getName"));
call.setTargetEndpointAddress(new URL(endpoint));
String result = (String) call.invoke(new Object[]{"张三"});
System.out.println(result);
}catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

运行TestHelloClient.java在控制台输出hell,张三,测试成功.

2.编写Dynamci Proxy方式访问服务

a.编写部署服务端程序，用上边DII方式使用的HelloClient.java

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public class HelloClient
{
public String getName(String name){
return "hello," + name;
}
}

b.编写代理接口HelloClientInterface.java需要扩展java.rmi.Remote类

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package com.yjpeng.dynamic.proxy;
import java.rmi.Remote;
import java.rmi.RemoteException;
public interface HelloClientInterface extends Remote {
public String getName(String name) throws RemoteException;
}

c.编写访问服务的客户端TestHelloClient.java

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package com.yjpeng.dynamic.proxy;
import java.net.URL;
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
import javax.xml.rpc.Service;
import javax.xml.rpc.ServiceFactory;
public class TestHelloClient {
public static void main(String[] args){
try{
String wsdlUrl = "http://localhost:8080/axis/HelloClient.jws?wsdl";
String nameSpaceUrl = "http://localhost:8080/axis/HelloClient.jws";
String serviceName = "HelloClientService";
String portName = "HelloClient";
ServiceFactory serviceFactory = ServiceFactory.newInstance();
Service afService = serviceFactory.createService(new URL(wsdlUrl), new QName(nameSpaceUrl, serviceName));
HelloClientInterface proxy = (HelloClientInterface)afService.getPort(new QName(nameSpaceUrl, portName),
HelloClientInterface.class);
System.out.println(proxy.getName("张三"));
}catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

运行TestHelloClient.java在控制台输出hell,张三,测试成功.

四、使用axis2开发webservice

研究中....

五、在java web项目中开放一个webservice接口实例

1.引入需要的jar包

2.创建一个接口类IAddNumbers.java

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package com.yjpeng.webservice;
public interface IAddNumbers {
public int addNumbers(int a, int b);
}

3.创建一个AddNumberImpl.java实现IAddnumbers.java接口类

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package com.yjpeng.webservice;
import javax.jws.WebService;
import com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.servlet.WSServlet;
@WebService(targetNamespace="http://webservice.yjpeng.com", serviceName="AddNumberImplService",
portName="AddNumberImpl")
public class AddNumberImpl implements IAddNumbers {
public int addNumbers(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
}
}

4.在WEN-INF目录下创建一个sun-jaxws.xml文件

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<?xml version="1.0"?>
<endpoints version="2.0"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/jax-ws/ri/runtime">
<endpoint name="AddNumberImpl"
implementation="com.yjpeng.webservice.AddNumberImpl"
url-pattern="/addNumberImpl"/>
</endpoints>

5.在web.xml文件中增加

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<servlet>
<servlet-name>AddNumberService</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.servlet.WSServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>AddNumberService</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/addNumberImpl</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<listener>
<listener-class>com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.servlet.WSServletContextListener</listener-class>
</listener>