webService是一种跨语言的系统间交互标准。在java中使用webservice根据服务器端的服务根据描述生成WSDL文件,并将应用与此WSDL文件一起放入HTTP服务器中,借助服务工具根据WSDL文件生成客户端STUB代码。此代码的作用是将产生的对象请求信息封装成标准的SOAP格式数据,并发送到服务器端,服务器端根据接收到的SOAP格式数据进行转换,并最终通过反射调用响应类的响应方法。
jdk 6中集成了WEB service的支持,通过WebService 的annotation来暴露服务的实现,并通过Endpoint.publish将服务发布到指定的地址,客户端通过wsimport来访问响应地址的wsdl文件,生成调用服务器端服务的stub类信息,客户端即可通过生成的类来调用服务器的服务了。
具体示例如下:
1.对外暴露的接口
- public interface TestWebService {
- public String echo();
- }
2.服务器端的实现类,并通过@WebService来指定对外提供服务的服务名称,客户端生成的类目和包名
- import javax.jws.WebService;
- import javax.xml.ws.Endpoint;
- @WebService(name="MyTestWS",serviceName="MyWebService",targetNamespace="http://localhost/client")
- public class WebServiceImpl implements TestWebService{
- @Override
- public String echo() {
- return "webservice return msg";
- }
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- Endpoint.publish("http://localhost:8080/MyWebService", new WebServiceImpl());
- }
- }
3.然后运行服务器的WebServiceImpl的main函数,暴露服务并将服务注册到一个http服务地址上,客户端通过jdk的bin下面的wsimport命令来获取服务器的wsdl文件并生成客户端的stub类信息
- wsimport -keep http://localhost:8080/MyWebService?wsdl
4.然后在你的路径上就会生成下面几个类
5.然后我们编写客户端的调用代码
import localhost.client.MyWebService;
- public class WebServiceClient {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- MyWebService myWebService = new MyWebService();
- System.out.println(myWebService.getMyTestWSPort().echo());
- }
- }
6.执行客户端的调用代码,输出如下:
7.我们看下最终生成客户端服务调用的类内容
- package localhost.client;
- import java.net.MalformedURLException;
- import java.net.URL;
- import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
- import javax.xml.ws.Service;
- import javax.xml.ws.WebEndpoint;
- import javax.xml.ws.WebServiceClient;
- /**
- * This class was generated by the JAXWS SI.
- * JAX-WS RI 2.0_02-b08-fcs
- * Generated source version: 2.0
- *
- */
- @WebServiceClient(name = "MyWebService", targetNamespace = "http://localhost/client", wsdlLocation = "http://localhost:8080/MyWebService?wsdl")
- public class MyWebService
- extends Service
- {
- private final static URL MYWEBSERVICE_WSDL_LOCATION;
- static {
- URL url = null;
- try {
- url = new URL("http://localhost:8080/MyWebService?wsdl");
- } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- MYWEBSERVICE_WSDL_LOCATION = url;
- }
- public MyWebService(URL wsdlLocation, QName serviceName) {
- super(wsdlLocation, serviceName);
- }
- public MyWebService() {
- super(MYWEBSERVICE_WSDL_LOCATION, new QName("http://localhost/client", "MyWebService"));
- }
- /**
- *
- * @return
- * returns MyTestWS
- */
- @WebEndpoint(name = "MyTestWSPort")
- public MyTestWS getMyTestWSPort() {
- return (MyTestWS)super.getPort(new QName("http://localhost/client", "MyTestWSPort"), MyTestWS.class);
- }
- }