关于Java技术
Java技术包括Java编程语言和Java平台两部分。
Java编程语言
Java编程语言是包括以下特点的高级编程语言:
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Java语言运行原理
所有的Java源代码都写在以.java 为后缀名的文件中。
这些.java 源文件首先被Java的编译器编译成 .class字节码文件,该 .class 字节码文件包含了Java虚拟机的机器语言,可以直接在Java虚拟机上运行。运行流程图如下:
因为Java VM(Java虚拟机)可以运行在不同的操作系统上,所以被编译后的 .class 文件也可以运行在不同的操作系统上,比如windows ,Linux ,mac等。其原理如下图:
Java平台
平台是一种程序在其中运行的软件或者硬件环境。
比如前面提到的MicrosoftWindows, Linux, Solaris OS, and Mac OS。绝大多数的平台可以被说成是操作系统和居于硬件的结合。而和它们不同的是Java平台只是软件平台,它是要运行在其他硬件平台上的。
Java平台包括以下两部分:
- The Java Virtual Machine (Java虚拟机)
- The Java Application Programming Interface (API) (Java应用程序编程接口)
API是一个提供许多有用功能的现成软件组件的大集合。其在Java平台的地位如下图所示:
Java技术能做什么呢?
多功能的、高级的Java编程语言是强大的软件平台。每个完整的Java实现平台都包括以下组件:
· Development Tools:The development tools provide everything you'll need for compiling, running,monitoring, debugging, and documenting your applications. As a new developer,the main tools you'll be using are the javac
compiler,the java
launcher,and the javadoc
documentationtool.
开发工具。
· Application Programming Interface(API): The API provides the core functionality of the Java programminglanguage. It offers a wide array of useful classes ready for use in your ownapplications. It spans everything from basic objects, to networking andsecurity, to XML generation and database access, and more. The core API is verylarge; to get an overview of what it contains, consult the Java Platform Standard Edition 8 Documentation.
API。
· Deployment Technologies:The JDK software provides standard mechanisms such as the Java Web Startsoftware and Java Plug-In software for deploying your applications to endusers.
部署技术。
· User Interface Toolkits:The JavaFX, Swing, and Java 2D toolkits make it possible to createsophisticated Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs).
用户接口工具包。
· Integration Libraries:Integration libraries such as the Java IDL API, JDBC API, Java Naming andDirectory Interface (JNDI) API, Java RMI, and Java Remote Method Invocationover Internet Inter-ORB Protocol Technology (Java RMI-IIOP Technology) enabledatabase access and manipulation of remote objects.
集成包。
Java技术将怎么样改变我们的生活
- Get started quickly:
- Write less code:
- Write better code:
- Develop programs more quickly:
- Avoid platform dependencies:
- Write once, run anywhere:
- Distribute software more easily: