command < filename >filename2 把command命令以filename文件作为标准输入,以filename2文件作为标准输出
command << delimiter 从标准输入中读入,直至遇到delimiter分界符
command <&m 把文件描述符m作为标准输入
command >&m 把标准输出重定向到文件描述符m中
command <&- 关闭标准输入
0 standard input
1 standard output
2 standard error
We assume that cout and cerr are both in a program.
Redirect standard output cout
command 1> filename
command 1>> filename
Redirect standard error cerr
command 2> filename
command 2>> filename
Redirect both standard error and standard output cout and cerr
command > filename 2>&1
command >> filename 2>&1