Cannot change version of project facet Dynamic Web Module to 3.1 （Eclipse Maven唯一解决方案）

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本文介绍如何正确配置Web应用程序以使用Java EE 3.1版本，包括更新XML schema引用、调整Maven依赖项及插件配置，并确保使用正确的Java版本进行编译。

If you want to use version 3.1 you need to use the following schema:

http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd

Note that 3.0 and 3.1 are different: in 3.1 there's no Sun mentioned, so simply changing 3_0.xsd to 3_1.xsd won't work

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee 
                http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee">

</web-app>

Also, make sure you're depending on the latest versions in your pom.xml. That is,

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.4</version>
    <configuration>
        ...
    </configuration>
</plugin>

and

<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
    <version>3.1.0</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

Also, you should compile with Java 7 or 8:

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>3.1</version>
    <configuration>
        <source>1.7</source>
        <target>1.7</target>
    </configuration>
</plugin>

2016-02-20

添加，如果还有错，按照下面配置进行修改

Another way is to edit the project facet configuration file itself: org.eclipse.wst.common.project.facet.core.xml

Change the dynamic web module version in this line to 3.0 - <installed facet="jst.web" version="2.5"/>

And then:

Right-click on the project (in the Project Explorer panel).
Select Maven » Update Project (or press Alt+F5)

You'll find this file in the .settings directory within the Eclipse project.