spring mvc注解实现

    弃用了struts，用spring mvc框架做了几个项目，感觉都不错，而且使用了注解方式，可以省掉一大堆配置文件。本文主要介绍使用注解方式配置的spring mvc，之前写的spring3.0 mvc和rest小例子没有介绍到数据层的内容，现在这一篇补上。下面开始贴代码。

文中用的框架版本：spring 3,hibernate 3,没有的，自己上网下。

先说web.xml配置：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> <display-name>s3h3</display-name> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext*.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <servlet> <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name> <!-- 这里在配成spring,下边也要写一个名为spring-servlet.xml的文件，主要用来配置它的controller --> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>

 

spring-servlet,主要配置controller的信息

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd"> <context:annotation-config /> <!-- 把标记了@Controller注解的类转换为bean --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.mvc.controller" /> <!-- 启动Spring MVC的注解功能，完成请求和注解POJO的映射 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" /> <!-- 对模型视图名称的解析，即在模型视图名称添加前后缀 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" p:prefix="/WEB-INF/view/" p:suffix=".jsp" /> <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver" p:defaultEncoding="utf-8" /> </beans>

 

applicationContext.xml代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd"> <context:annotation-config /> <context:component-scan base-package="com.mvc" /> <!-- 自动扫描所有注解该路径 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:/hibernate.properties" /> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${dataSource.dialect}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${dataSource.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop> </props> </property> <property name="packagesToScan"> <list> <value>com.mvc.entity</value><!-- 扫描实体类，也就是平时所说的model --> </list> </property> </bean> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${dataSource.driverClassName}" /> <property name="url" value="${dataSource.url}" /> <property name="username" value="${dataSource.username}" /> <property name="password" value="${dataSource.password}" /> </bean> <!-- Dao的实现 --> <bean id="entityDao" class="com.mvc.dao.EntityDaoImpl"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" /> <tx:annotation-driven mode="aspectj"/> <aop:aspectj-autoproxy/> </beans>

 

hibernate.properties数据库连接配置

dataSource.password=123 dataSource.username=root dataSource.databaseName=test dataSource.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver dataSource.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect dataSource.serverName=localhost:3306 dataSource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test dataSource.properties=user=${dataSource.username};databaseName=${dataSource.databaseName};serverName=${dataSource.serverName};password=${dataSource.password} dataSource.hbm2ddl.auto=update

 

配置已经完成，下面开始例子

先在数据库建表，例子用的是mysql数据库

CREATE TABLE `test`.`student` ( `id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(45) NOT NULL, `psw` varchar(45) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) )

 

建好表后，生成实体类

package com.mvc.entity; import java.io.Serializable; import javax.persistence.Basic; import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.GenerationType; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.Table; @Entity @Table(name = "student") public class Student implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; @Id @Basic(optional = false) @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) @Column(name = "id", nullable = false) private Integer id; @Column(name = "name") private String user; @Column(name = "psw") private String psw; public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getUser() { return user; } public void setUser(String user) { this.user = user; } public String getPsw() { return psw; } public void setPsw(String psw) { this.psw = psw; } }

 

 Dao层实现

package com.mvc.dao; import java.util.List; public interface EntityDao { public List<Object> createQuery(final String queryString); public Object save(final Object model); public void update(final Object model); public void delete(final Object model); }

 

package com.mvc.dao; import java.util.List; import org.hibernate.Query; import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateCallback; import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport; public class EntityDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements EntityDao{ public List<Object> createQuery(final String queryString) { return (List<Object>) getHibernateTemplate().execute( new HibernateCallback<Object>() { public Object doInHibernate(org.hibernate.Session session) throws org.hibernate.HibernateException { Query query = session.createQuery(queryString); List<Object> rows = query.list(); return rows; } }); } public Object save(final Object model) { return getHibernateTemplate().execute( new HibernateCallback<Object>() { public Object doInHibernate(org.hibernate.Session session) throws org.hibernate.HibernateException { session.save(model); return null; } }); } public void update(final Object model) { getHibernateTemplate().execute(new HibernateCallback<Object>() { public Object doInHibernate(org.hibernate.Session session) throws org.hibernate.HibernateException { session.update(model); return null; } }); } public void delete(final Object model) { getHibernateTemplate().execute(new HibernateCallback<Object>() { public Object doInHibernate(org.hibernate.Session session) throws org.hibernate.HibernateException { session.delete(model); return null; } }); } }  

 Dao在applicationContext.xml注入

<bean id="entityDao" class="com.mvc.dao.EntityDaoImpl"> 
  <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
 </bean>

Dao只有一个类的实现，直接供其它service层调用，如果你想更换为其它的Dao实现，也只需修改这里的配置就行了。

 

开始写view页面，WEB-INF/view下新建页面student.jsp，WEB-INF/view这路径是在spring-servlet.xml文件配置的，你可以配置成其它，也可以多个路径。student.jsp代码

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ include file="/include/head.jsp"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>添加</title> <mce:script language="javascript" src="<%=request.getContextPath()%><!-- /script/jquery.min.js"> // --></mce:script> <mce:style><!-- table{ border-collapse:collapse; } td{ border:1px solid #f00; } --></mce:style><style mce_bogus="1">table{ border-collapse:collapse; } td{ border:1px solid #f00; }</style> <mce:script type="text/javascript"><!-- function add(){ window.location.href="<%=request.getContextPath() %>/student.do?method=add"; } function del(id){ $.ajax( { type : "POST", url : "<%=request.getContextPath()%>/student.do?method=del&id=" + id, dataType: "json", success : function(data) { if(data.del == "true"){ alert("删除成功！"); $("#" + id).remove(); } else{ alert("删除失败！"); } }, error :function(){ alert("网络连接出错！"); } }); } // --></mce:script> </head> <body> <input id="add" type="button" οnclick="add()" value="添加"/> <table > <tr> <td>序号</td> <td>姓名</td> <td>密码</td> <td>操作</td> </tr> <c:forEach items="${list}" var="student"> <tr id="<c:out value="${student.id}"/>"> <td><c:out value="${student.id}"/></td> <td><c:out value="${student.user}"/></td> <td><c:out value="${student.psw}"/></td> <td> <input type="button" value="编辑"/>      <input type="button" οnclick="del('<c:out value="${student.id}"/>')" value="删除"/> </td> </tr> </c:forEach> </table> </body> </html>  

 

student_add.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ include file="/include/head.jsp"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>学生添加</title> <mce:script type="text/javascript"><!-- function turnback(){ window.location.href="<%=request.getContextPath() %>/student.do"; } // --></mce:script> </head> <body> <form method="post" action="<%=request.getContextPath() %>/student.do?method=save"> <div><c:out value="${addstate}"></c:out></div> <table> <tr><td>姓名</td><td><input id="user" name="user" type="text" /></td></tr> <tr><td>密码</td><td><input id="psw" name="psw" type="text" /></td></tr> <tr><td colSpan="2" align="center"><input type="submit" value="提交"/><input type="button" οnclick="turnback()" value="返回" /> </td></tr> </table> </form> </body> </html>

 

controller类实现，只需把注解写上，spring就会自动帮你找到相应的bean，相应的注解标记意义，不明白的，可以自己查下@Service，@Controller，@Entity等等的内容。

 

package com.mvc.controller; import java.util.List; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.apache.commons.logging.Log; import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import com.mvc.entity.Student; import com.mvc.service.StudentService; @Controller @RequestMapping("/student.do") public class StudentController { protected final transient Log log = LogFactory .getLog(StudentController.class); @Autowired private StudentService studentService; public StudentController(){ } @RequestMapping public String load(ModelMap modelMap){ List<Object> list = studentService.getStudentList(); modelMap.put("list", list); return "student"; } @RequestMapping(params = "method=add") public String add(HttpServletRequest request, ModelMap modelMap) throws Exception{ return "student_add"; } @RequestMapping(params = "method=save") public String save(HttpServletRequest request, ModelMap modelMap){ String user = request.getParameter("user"); String psw = request.getParameter("psw"); Student st = new Student(); st.setUser(user); st.setPsw(psw); try{ studentService.save(st); modelMap.put("addstate", "添加成功"); } catch(Exception e){ log.error(e.getMessage()); modelMap.put("addstate", "添加失败"); } return "student_add"; } @RequestMapping(params = "method=del") public void del(@RequestParam("id") String id, HttpServletResponse response){ try{ Student st = new Student(); st.setId(Integer.valueOf(id)); studentService.delete(st); response.getWriter().print("{/"del/":/"true/"}"); } catch(Exception e){ log.error(e.getMessage()); e.printStackTrace(); } } }

 

service类实现

package com.mvc.service; import java.util.List; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; import com.mvc.dao.EntityDao; import com.mvc.entity.Student; @Service public class StudentService { @Autowired private EntityDao entityDao; @Transactional public List<Object> getStudentList(){ StringBuffer sff = new StringBuffer(); sff.append("select a from ").append(Student.class.getSimpleName()).append(" a "); List<Object> list = entityDao.createQuery(sff.toString()); return list; } public void save(Student st){ entityDao.save(st); } public void delete(Object obj){ entityDao.delete(obj); } }   

 

OK，例子写完。有其它业务内容，只需直接新建view，并实现相应comtroller和service就行了，配置和dao层的内容基本不变，也就是每次只需写jsp（view），controller和service调用dao就行了。

怎样，看了这个，spring mvc是不是比ssh实现更方便灵活。

 

 

附件源码：s3h