与Class类相似,Java中的Reflection也是用于得到类的信息的,而且Reflection可以得到更多的信息.与Reflection相关的类都在java.lang.reflect包中,主要有Modifier、Constructor、Field、Method四个类,可以分别得到类的存取修饰符,构造函数,类成员,类方法的相关信息.例如:
Modifier类:取得对象的存取修饰符
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import java.lang.reflect.*;
class SampleModifier {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s = new String();
printModifiers(s);
}
public static void printModifiers(Object o) {
Class c = o.getClass();
int m = c.getModifiers();
if (Modifier.isPublic(m))
System.out.println("public");
if (Modifier.isAbstract(m))
System.out.println("abstract");
if (Modifier.isFinal(m))
System.out.println("final");
}
}
输出结果:
public
final
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Constructor类:取得对象的存取修饰符构造函数
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import java.lang.reflect.*;
import java.awt.*;
class SampleConstructor {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Rectangle r = new Rectangle();
showConstructors(r);
}
static void showConstructors(Object o) {
Class c = o.getClass();
Constructor[] theConstructors = c.getConstructors();
for (int i = 0; i < theConstructors.length; i++) {
System.out.print("( ");
Class[] parameterTypes =
theConstructors[i].getParameterTypes();
for (int k = 0; k < parameterTypes.length; k ++) {
String parameterString = parameterTypes[k].getName();
System.out.print(parameterString + " ");
}
System.out.println(")");
}
}
}
输初结果:
( )
( int int )
( int int int int )
( java.awt.Dimension )
( java.awt.Point )
( java.awt.Point java.awt.Dimension )
( java.awt.Rectangle )
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Field类:取得对象的类成员
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import java.lang.reflect.*;
import java.awt.*;
class SampleField {
public static void main(String[] args) {
GridBagConstraints g = new GridBagConstraints();
printFieldNames(g);
}
static void printFieldNames(Object o) {
Class c = o.getClass();
Field[] publicFields = c.getFields();
for (int i = 0; i < publicFields.length; i++) {
String fieldName = publicFields[i].getName();
Class typeClass = publicFields[i].getType();
String fieldType = typeClass.getName();
System.out.println("Name: " + fieldName +
", Type: " + fieldType);
}
}
}
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Method类:取得对象的类方法
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import java.lang.reflect.*;
import java.awt.*;
class SampleMethod {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Polygon p = new Polygon();
showMethods(p);
}
static void showMethods(Object o) {
Class c = o.getClass();
Method[] theMethods = c.getMethods();
for (int i = 0; i < theMethods.length; i++) {
String methodString = theMethods[i].getName();
System.out.println("Name: " + methodString);
String returnString =
theMethods[i].getReturnType().getName();
System.out.println(" Return Type: " + returnString);
Class[] parameterTypes = theMethods[i].getParameterTypes();
System.out.print(" Parameter Types:");
for (int k = 0; k < parameterTypes.length; k ++) {
String parameterString = parameterTypes[k].getName();
System.out.print(" " + parameterString);
}
System.out.println();
}
}
}