Shiro 是Shiro 是一个 Apache 下的一开源项目项目，旨在简化身份验证和授权。
本文中记录的是一次使用shiro实现登录认证与权限授权的过程。
本文中主要用的技术有：
spring,springMVC,maven,shiro
1 shiro的配置，通过maven加入shiro相关jar包
<!-- shiro -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId>
<version>1.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-web</artifactId>
<version>1.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-ehcache</artifactId>
<version>1.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.1</version>
</dependency>2 在web.xml中添加shiro过滤器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:javaee="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="2.4">
<!-- 配置spring容器监听器 -->
<span style="color:#ff6666;"> <context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:application-context-*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener></span>
<!-- post乱码处理 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 配置shiro的核心拦截器 -->
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span><filter>
<filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/admin/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 配置后台Springmvc 它拦截.do结尾的请求 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>back</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>back</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
</web-app>
3 spring中对shiro配置
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd ">
<!-- web.xml中shiro的filter对应的bean -->
<bean id="shiroFilter" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean">
<!-- 管理器，必须设置 -->
<property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager" />
<!-- 拦截到，跳转到的地址,通过此地址去认证 -->
<property name="loginUrl" value="/admin/login.do" />
<!-- 认证成功统一跳转到/admin/index.do，建议不配置，shiro认证成功自动到上一个请求路径 -->
<property name="successUrl" value="/admin/index.do" />
<!-- 通过unauthorizedUrl指定没有权限操作时跳转页面 -->
<property name="unauthorizedUrl" value="/refuse.jsp" />
<!-- 自定义filter，可用来更改默认的表单名称配置 -->
<property name="filters">
<map>
<!-- 将自定义 的FormAuthenticationFilter注入shiroFilter中 -->
<entry key="authc" value-ref="formAuthenticationFilter" />
</map>
</property>
<property name="filterChainDefinitions">
<value>
<!-- 对静态资源设置匿名访问 -->
/images/** = anon
/js/** = anon
/styles/** = anon
<!-- 验证码，可匿名访问 -->
/validatecode.jsp = anon
<!-- 请求 logout.do地址，shiro去清除session -->
/admin/logout.do = logout
<!--商品查询需要商品查询权限 ，取消url拦截配置，使用注解授权方式 -->
<!-- /items/queryItems.action = perms[item:query] /items/editItems.action
= perms[item:edit] -->
<!-- 配置记住我或认证通过可以访问的地址 -->
/welcome.jsp = user
/admin/index.do = user
<!-- /** = authc 所有url都必须认证通过才可以访问 -->
/** = authc
</value>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- securityManager安全管理器 -->
<bean id="securityManager" class="org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager">
<property name="realm" ref="customRealm" />
<!-- 注入缓存管理器 -->
<property name="cacheManager" ref="cacheManager" />
<!-- 注入session管理器 -->
<!-- <property name="sessionManager" ref="sessionManager" /> -->
<!-- 记住我 -->
<property name="rememberMeManager" ref="rememberMeManager" />
</bean>
<!-- 自定义realm -->
<bean id="customRealm" class="com.zhijianj.stucheck.shiro.CustomRealm">
<!-- 将凭证匹配器设置到realm中，realm按照凭证匹配器的要求进行散列 -->
<!-- <property name="credentialsMatcher" ref="credentialsMatcher" /> -->
</bean>
<!-- 凭证匹配器 -->
<bean id="credentialsMatcher"
class="org.apache.shiro.authc.credential.HashedCredentialsMatcher">
<!-- 选用MD5散列算法 -->
<property name="hashAlgorithmName" value="md5" />
<!-- 进行一次加密 -->
<property name="hashIterations" value="1" />
</bean>
<!-- 自定义form认证过虑器 -->
<!-- 基于Form表单的身份验证过滤器，不配置将也会注册此过虑器，表单中的用户账号、密码及loginurl将采用默认值，建议配置 -->
<!-- 可通过此配置，判断验证码 -->
<bean id="formAuthenticationFilter"
class="com.zhijianj.stucheck.shiro.CustomFormAuthenticationFilter ">
<!-- 表单中账号的input名称,默认为username -->
<property name="usernameParam" value="username" />
<!-- 表单中密码的input名称,默认为password -->
<property name="passwordParam" value="password" />
<!-- 记住我input的名称,默认为rememberMe -->
<property name="rememberMeParam" value="rememberMe" />
</bean>
<!-- 会话管理器 -->
<bean id="sessionManager"
class="org.apache.shiro.web.session.mgt.DefaultWebSessionManager">
<!-- session的失效时长，单位毫秒 -->
<property name="globalSessionTimeout" value="600000" />
<!-- 删除失效的session -->
<property name="deleteInvalidSessions" value="true" />
</bean>
<!-- 缓存管理器 -->
<bean id="cacheManager" class="org.apache.shiro.cache.ehcache.EhCacheManager">
<property name="cacheManagerConfigFile" value="classpath:shiro-ehcache.xml" />
</bean>
<!-- rememberMeManager管理器，写cookie，取出cookie生成用户信息 -->
<bean id="rememberMeManager" class="org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.CookieRememberMeManager">
<property name="cookie" ref="rememberMeCookie" />
</bean>
<!-- 记住我cookie -->
<bean id="rememberMeCookie" class="org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.SimpleCookie">
<!-- rememberMe是cookie的名字 -->
<constructor-arg value="rememberMe" />
<!-- 记住我cookie生效时间30天 -->
<property name="maxAge" value="2592000" />
</bean>
</beans>其次，上面中的配置也是将credentialsMatcher没有加入了，这种方式适用于没有对密码进行处理的情况。
其中CustomRealm的配置是重点。
4 自定义Realm编码
CustomRealm如下：
public class CustomRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
// 设置realm的名称
@Override
public void setName(String name) {
super.setName("customRealm");
}
@Autowired
private AdminUserService adminUserService;
/**
* 认证
*/
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {
// token中包含用户输入的用户名和密码
// 第一步从token中取出用户名
String userName = (String) token.getPrincipal();
// 第二步：根据用户输入的userCode从数据库查询
TAdminUser adminUser = adminUserService.getAdminUserByUserName(userName);
// 如果查询不到返回null
if (adminUser == null) {//
return null;
}
// 获取数据库中的密码
String password = adminUser.getPassword();
/**
* 认证的用户,正确的密码
*/
AuthenticationInfo authcInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(adminUser, password, this.getName());
//MD5 加密+加盐+多次加密
//<span style="color:#ff0000;">SimpleAuthenticationInfo authcInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(adminUser, password,ByteSource.Util.bytes(salt), this.getName());</span>
return authcInfo;
}
/**
* 授权,只有成功通过<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">doGetAuthenticationInfo方法的认证后才会执行。</span>
*/
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) {
// 从 principals获取主身份信息
// 将getPrimaryPrincipal方法返回值转为真实身份类型（在上边的doGetAuthenticationInfo认证通过填充到SimpleAuthenticationInfo中身份类型），
TAdminUser activeUser = (TAdminUser) principals.getPrimaryPrincipal();
// 根据身份信息获取权限信息
// 从数据库获取到权限数据
TAdminRole adminRoles = adminUserService.getAdminRoles(activeUser);
// 单独定一个集合对象
List<String> permissions = new ArrayList<String>();
if (adminRoles != null) {
permissions.add(adminRoles.getRoleKey());
}
// 查到权限数据，返回授权信息(要包括 上边的permissions)
SimpleAuthorizationInfo simpleAuthorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
// 将上边查询到授权信息填充到simpleAuthorizationInfo对象中
simpleAuthorizationInfo.addStringPermissions(permissions);
return simpleAuthorizationInfo;
}
// 清除缓存
public void clearCached() {
PrincipalCollection principals = SecurityUtils.getSubject().getPrincipals();
super.clearCache(principals);
}
}
5 缓存配置
ehcache.xml代码如下：
<ehcache updateCheck="false" name="shiroCache">
<defaultCache
maxElementsInMemory="10000"
eternal="false"
timeToIdleSeconds="120"
timeToLiveSeconds="120"
overflowToDisk="false"
diskPersistent="false"
diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds="120"
/>
</ehcache>6.自定义表单编码过滤器
CustomFormAuthenticationFilter代码，认证之前调用，可用于验证码校验
public class CustomFormAuthenticationFilter extends FormAuthenticationFilter {
// 原FormAuthenticationFilter的认证方法
@Override
protected boolean onAccessDenied(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) throws Exception {
// 在这里进行验证码的校验
// 从session获取正确验证码
HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
HttpSession session = httpServletRequest.getSession();
// 取出session的验证码（正确的验证码）
String validateCode = (String) session.getAttribute("validateCode");
// 取出页面的验证码
// 输入的验证和session中的验证进行对比
String randomcode = httpServletRequest.getParameter("randomcode");
if (randomcode != null && validateCode != null && !randomcode.equals(validateCode)) {
// 如果校验失败，将验证码错误失败信息，通过shiroLoginFailure设置到request中
httpServletRequest.setAttribute("shiroLoginFailure", "randomCodeError");
// 拒绝访问，不再校验账号和密码
return true;
}
return super.onAccessDenied(request, response);
}
}在此符上验证码jsp界面的代码
validatecode.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ page import="java.util.Random"%>
<%@ page import="java.io.OutputStream"%>
<%@ page import="java.awt.Color"%>
<%@ page import="java.awt.Font"%>
<%@ page import="java.awt.Graphics"%>
<%@ page import="java.awt.image.BufferedImage"%>
<%@ page import="javax.imageio.ImageIO"%>
<%
int width = 60;
int height = 32;
//create the image
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
// set the background color
g.setColor(new Color(0xDCDCDC));
g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
// draw the border
g.setColor(Color.black);
g.drawRect(0, 0, width - 1, height - 1);
// create a random instance to generate the codes
Random rdm = new Random();
String hash1 = Integer.toHexString(rdm.nextInt());
// make some confusion
for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
int x = rdm.nextInt(width);
int y = rdm.nextInt(height);
g.drawOval(x, y, 0, 0);
}
// generate a random code
String capstr = hash1.substring(0, 4);
//将生成的验证码存入session
session.setAttribute("validateCode", capstr);
g.setColor(new Color(0, 100, 0));
g.setFont(new Font("Candara", Font.BOLD, 24));
g.drawString(capstr, 8, 24);
g.dispose();
//输出图片
response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
out.clear();
out = pageContext.pushBody();
OutputStream strm = response.getOutputStream();
ImageIO.write(image, "jpeg", strm);
strm.close();
%>
7.登录控制器方法
/**
* 到登录界面
*
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@RequestMapping("login.do")
public String adminPage(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
// 如果登陆失败从request中获取认证异常信息，shiroLoginFailure就是shiro异常类的全限定名
String exceptionClassName = (String) request.getAttribute("shiroLoginFailure");
// 根据shiro返回的异常类路径判断，抛出指定异常信息
if (exceptionClassName != null) {
if (UnknownAccountException.class.getName().equals(exceptionClassName)) {
// 最终会抛给异常处理器
throw new CustomJsonException("账号不存在");
} else if (IncorrectCredentialsException.class.getName().equals(exceptionClassName)) {
throw new CustomJsonException("用户名/密码错误");
} else if ("randomCodeError".equals(exceptionClassName)) {
throw new CustomJsonException("验证码错误 ");
} else {
throw new Exception();// 最终在异常处理器生成未知错误
}
}
// 此方法不处理登陆成功（认证成功），shiro认证成功会自动跳转到上一个请求路径
// 登陆失败还到login页面
return "admin/login";
}
8.用户回显Controller
当用户登录认证成功后，CustomRealm在调用完doGetAuthenticationInfo时，通过
AuthenticationInfo authcInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(adminUser, password, this.getName());
return authcInfo;所以需要回显用户信息时，我这样调用的
@RequestMapping("index.do")
public String index(Model model) {
//从shiro的session中取activeUser
Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
//取身份信息
TAdminUser adminUser = (TAdminUser) subject.getPrincipal();
//通过model传到页面
model.addAttribute("adminUser", adminUser);
return "admin/index";
}
9.在jsp页面中控制权限
先引入shiro的头文件
<!-- shiro头引入 -->
<%@ taglib uri="http://shiro.apache.org/tags" prefix="shiro"%>采用shiro标签对权限进行处理
<!-- 有curd权限才显示修改链接，没有该 权限不显示，相当 于if(hasPermission(curd)) -->
<shiro:hasPermission name="curd">
<BR />
我拥有超级的增删改查权限额
</shiro:hasPermission>
10.在Controller控制权限
通过@RequiresPermissions注解，指定执行此controller中某个请求方法需要的权限
@RequestMapping("/queryInfo.do")
@RequiresPermissions("q")//执行需要"q"权限
public ModelAndView queryItems(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {11.MD5加密加盐处理
这里以修改密码为例,通过获取新的密码(明文)后通过MD5加密+加盐+6次加密为例
@RequestMapping("updatePassword.do")
@ResponseBody
public String updateAdminUserPassword(String newPassword) {
// 从shiro的session中取activeUser
Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
// 取身份信息
TAdminUser adminUser = (TAdminUser) subject.getPrincipal();
// 生成salt,随机生成
SecureRandomNumberGenerator secureRandomNumberGenerator = new SecureRandomNumberGenerator();
String salt = secureRandomNumberGenerator.nextBytes().toHex();
Md5Hash md5 = new Md5Hash(newPassword, salt, 6);
String newMd5Password = md5.toHex();
// 设置新密码
adminUser.setPassword(newMd5Password);
// 设置盐
adminUser.setSalt(salt);
adminUserService.updateAdminUserPassword(adminUser);
return newPassword;
}当前用户信息和权限信息表截图如下
系统管理员表：
权限表：
管理员权限关系中间表：
扫一扫
1万+
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
