Linux内核配置

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已于 2024-05-11 22:08:16 修改

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分类专栏： Linux 文章标签： linux

于 2016-05-10 10:17:35 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/q1302182594/article/details/51360938

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本文重点分析内核的配置方法。

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0 前言

内核编译方法详见《Linux内核编译》，本文重点介绍其中内核配置部分。

1 下载源码

下载linux-2.6.34.7.tar.bz2并解压：

tar -axvf linux-2.6.34.7.tar.bz2

2 默认配置

进入内核源码顶级目录执行：

make defconfig

输出如下：

  HOSTCC  scripts/basic/fixdep
  HOSTCC  scripts/basic/docproc
  HOSTCC  scripts/basic/hash
  HOSTCC  scripts/kconfig/conf.o
scripts/kconfig/conf.c: In function ‘conf_sym’:
scripts/kconfig/conf.c:159:6: warning: variable ‘type’ set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
  int type;
      ^
scripts/kconfig/conf.c: In function ‘conf_choice’:
scripts/kconfig/conf.c:231:6: warning: variable ‘type’ set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
  int type;
      ^
scripts/kconfig/conf.c:307:9: warning: ignoring return value of ‘fgets’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]
    fgets(line, 128, stdin);
         ^
scripts/kconfig/conf.c: In function ‘conf_askvalue’:
scripts/kconfig/conf.c:105:8: warning: ignoring return value of ‘fgets’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]
   fgets(line, 128, stdin);
        ^
  HOSTCC  scripts/kconfig/kxgettext.o
  SHIPPED scripts/kconfig/zconf.tab.c
  SHIPPED scripts/kconfig/lex.zconf.c
  SHIPPED scripts/kconfig/zconf.hash.c
  HOSTCC  scripts/kconfig/zconf.tab.o
  HOSTLD  scripts/kconfig/conf
*** Default configuration is based on 'i386_defconfig'
#
# configuration written to .config
#

根据上述输出信息倒数第倒数4行可知，默认情况下内核的配置是针对x86架构的，并且根据“arch/x86/configs/i386_defconfig”生成了“.config”（注：通过diff命令对它们进行比较发现两者并不完全相同！）

2.1 默认架构

上述默认配置是针对x86构架的，那么怎么启动ARM构架的默认配置呢?答案是指定顶级Makefile的ARCH变量值，同时指定交叉编译工具链前缀：

ARCH        ?= arm
CROSS_COMPILE   ?= arm-linux-

这时候再执行make defconfig时，针对的就是ARM架构了：

  HOSTCC  scripts/basic/fixdep
  HOSTCC  scripts/basic/docproc
  HOSTCC  scripts/basic/hash
  HOSTCC  scripts/kconfig/conf.o
scripts/kconfig/conf.c: In function ‘conf_sym’:
scripts/kconfig/conf.c:159:6: warning: variable ‘type’ set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
  int type;
      ^
scripts/kconfig/conf.c: In function ‘conf_choice’:
scripts/kconfig/conf.c:231:6: warning: variable ‘type’ set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
  int type;
      ^
scripts/kconfig/conf.c:307:9: warning: ignoring return value of