C++ string构造函数详解

1.string();
2.string( const string& s );
3.string( size_type length, constchar& ch );
4.string( const char* str );
5.string( const char* str, size_type length);
6.string( const string& str, size_type index, size_type length);
7.string( input_iterator start, input_iterator end );

• 1.nothing; an empty string,
• 2.a copy of the given string s,
• 3.length copies of ch,
• 4.a duplicate of str (optionally up to lengthcharacters long)
• 5.a substring of str starting at index andlength characters long
• 7.a string of characterss denoted by the start andend iterators

      翻译：
        1.构造一个空string对象     
        2.拷贝构造给定的string字符串s
      3.用字符ch填充长度为length的字符串
      4. 用C字符串作构造str
      5.用C字符串的前length个字符构造字串
      6.用str的第index个字符开始，选取长度为length的字串构造
      7. 以区间[beg,end)内的字符构造字符串

实例：

#include "iostream"
#include "string"
#include "iterator"
using namespace std;

int main( void )
{
    const char*c_str = "abcdefg";
    std::stringstr("123456");
    strings(str);
    strings_len( c_str , 4 );
    strings_index( c_str , 1,3 );
    strings_iterator(str.begin(), str.end());

    cout<< "string( const char* str)   /
            string str(\"123456\")  "<< str<< endl;
    cout<< "string( conststring& s )  /
            string s(str)   " << s<< endl;
    cout<< "string( const char* str,size_typelength ) /
            string s_len( c_str , 4 )"<< s_len<< endl;
   cout<<"string(conststring& str,size_type index,size_type length)/
          string s_start( c_str,1,3 )" <<s_index << endl;
   cout<<"string( input_iteratorstart,input_iterator end) /
          string s_iter(str.begin(), str.end())"<< s_iter<< endl;

    return0;
}
运行结果：
string( const char* str)    
stringstr("123456")   123456
string( const string& s)    
string s(str)   123456
string( const char* str, size_type length)    
string s_len( c_str , 4)    abcd
string( const string& str,size_type index,size_typelength ) 
string s_start( c_str, 1, 3 )  bcd
string(input_iterator start,input_iteratorend)  
strings_iter(str.begin(),str.end())  123456