Java执行器框架(Executor Framework)提供了 ThreadPoolExecutor ,通过线程池来执行并发任务从而避免了所以线程的创建操作。当发送一个任务给执行器后,根据执行器的配置,它将尽快地执行这个任务。当任务执行结束后,这个任务就会从执行器中删除;如果想再次执行这个任务,则需要再次发送这个任务到执行器。
上代码
package com.wx;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledFuture;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import com.wx.exchanger.Utils;
public class Task implements Runnable {
private String name;
public Task(String name) {
super();
this.name = name;
}
public void run() {
Utils.printf("%s:Starting at:%s\n", name, new Date());
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
ScheduledExecutorService executor = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1);
Utils.printf("Main : Starting at %s\n", new Date());
Task task = new Task("Task");
ScheduledFuture<?> result = executor.scheduleAtFixedRate(task, 1, 2, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
// 获取任务下一次将要执行地毫秒数,然后将线程休眠500毫秒
Utils.printf("Main: Delay:%d\n", result.getDelay(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));
try {
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(500);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
// 结束执行器
executor.shutdown();
try {
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(5);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
Utils.printf("Main: Finished at: %s\n", new Date());
}
}
package com.wx;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledFuture;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import com.wx.exchanger.Utils;
public class Task implements Runnable {
private String name;
public Task(String name) {
super();
this.name = name;
}
public void run() {
Utils.printf("%s:Starting at:%s\n", name, new Date());
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
ScheduledExecutorService executor = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1);
Utils.printf("Main : Starting at %s\n", new Date());
Task task = new Task("Task");
ScheduledFuture<?> result = executor.scheduleAtFixedRate(task, 1, 2, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
// 获取任务下一次将要执行地毫秒数,然后将线程休眠500毫秒
Utils.printf("Main: Delay:%d\n", result.getDelay(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));
try {
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(500);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
// 结束执行器
executor.shutdown();
try {
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(5);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
Utils.printf("Main: Finished at: %s\n", new Date());
}
}
工作原理
想要通过执行器框架来执行一个周期性任务时,需要一个ScheduledExecutorService对象。同创建执行器一样,再Java中推荐试用Executors工厂类来创建ScheduledExecutorService对象。Executors类时执行器对象地工厂。在这个列子中,可以使用newScheduledThreadPool()方法来创建一个ScheduledExecutorService对象。这个方法接受一个表示线程池中的线程数来作为参数。在这个范列中,因为仅有一个任务,所以只需要传递数字1作为参数即可。