上一篇主要介绍了消费方法的一种restTemplate+Ribbon去消费,这篇将介绍Feign进行消费服务。
Feign介绍
Feign是一个声明式的伪Http客户端,它使得写Http客户端变得更简单。使用Feign,只需要创建一个接口并注解。它具有可插拔的注解特性,可使用Feign 注解和JAX-RS注解。Feign支持可插拔的编码器和解码器。Feign默认集成了Ribbon,并和Eureka结合,默认实现了负载均衡的效果
创建一个feign服务
- 新建一个moudle工程,这里取名为service-feign。并向上节一样 修改父pom和自身pom
<!-- 指定子目录 -->
<modules>
<module>eureka_client</module>
<module>eureka_server</module>
<module>service-ribbon</module>
<module>service-feign</module>
</modules>
- 设置子pom内容为:增加
spring-cloud-starter-feign
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>service-feign</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>service-feign</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<!-- 指定父pom -->
<parent>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../pom.xml</relativePath>
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Edgware.SR2</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<!-- feign 依赖 -->
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
- 在工程的配置文件中,指定程序名为service-feign,端口号为8795:如下
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone= http://localhost:8761/eureka/
server.port=8765
spring.application.name= service-feign
- 在程序入口类ServiceFeignApplication,加上
@EnableFeignClients
开启Feign功能
@EnableFeignClients
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class ServiceFeignApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ServiceFeignApplication.class, args);
}
}
- 接下来我们需要定义一个feign的接口。
@FeignClient(value = "service-hi")
interface SchedualServiceHi {
// 这里的/hello 是你注册的Eureka中的生命接口
@RequestMapping(value = ["/hello"], method = [(RequestMethod.GET)])
fun sayHiFromClientOne(@RequestParam(value = "name") name:String): String
}
说明:
@FeignClient
指定了调用那个服务,这里调用service-hi
的服务,同时我们需要调用此服务下的/hello
接口,因此我们声明的映射也是get请求,映射到/hello
声明web层的controller,对外暴露一个”/hi”的API接口。因此用来消费服务
@RestController
class HiController {
@Autowired
private lateinit var schedualServiceHi: SchedualServiceHi
@RequestMapping(value = ["/hi"],method = [(RequestMethod.GET)])
fun sayHi(@RequestParam name: String): String {
return schedualServiceHi.sayHiFromClientOne(name)
}
}
此时启动应用多次访问http://localhost:8765/hi?name=houshuai ,浏览器会交替显示
hi houshuai ,I am from port:8762
hi houshuai ,I am from port:8763