socket服务器代码

1. 创建一个socket使用socket() 系统调用.

2. 使用bind()系统调用套接字绑定到一个地址。对于互联网上的服务器套接字，地址包括主机的端口号。 

3. 使用listen()系统调用连接监听。

4. accept() 系统调用形式接受连接。此调用通常会阻塞，直到有客户端与服务器连接。

5. 发送和接收数据，使用read() 和 write() 系统调用。

现在要把上面这些步骤的形式写成源代码。把这个代码写server.c文件并用gcc编译器编译。

#include <stdio.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { int sockfd, newsockfd, portno, clilen; char buffer[256]; struct sockaddr_in serv_addr, cli_addr; int n; /* First call to socket() function */ sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if (sockfd < 0) { perror("ERROR opening socket"); exit(1); } /* Initialize socket structure */ bzero((char *) &serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr)); portno = 5001; serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; serv_addr.sin_port = htons(portno); /* Now bind the host address using bind() call.*/ if (bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *) &serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr)) < 0) { perror("ERROR on binding"); exit(1); } /* Now start listening for the clients, here process will * go in sleep mode and will wait for the incoming connection */ listen(sockfd,5); clilen = sizeof(cli_addr); /* Accept actual connection from the client */ newsockfd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&cli_addr, &clilen); if (newsockfd < 0) { perror("ERROR on accept"); exit(1); } /* If connection is established then start communicating */ bzero(buffer,256); n = read( newsockfd,buffer,255 ); if (n < 0) { perror("ERROR reading from socket"); exit(1); } printf("Here is the message: %s\n",buffer); /* Write a response to the client */ n = write(newsockfd,"I got your message",18); if (n < 0) { perror("ERROR writing to socket"); exit(1); } return 0; }

处理多个连接：

为了使服务器能够同时处理多个连接，我们在上面的代码进行以下更改：

1. 将accept语句和下面的代码在一个无限循环。

2. 建立连接后，调用fork()创建一个新的进程。

3. 子进程将关闭sockfd中致电doprocessing函数，通过新的套接字文件描述符作为参数。当两个进程已经完成了他们对话中表示由doprocessing()返回，这个过程简单地退出。

4. 父进程关闭newsockfd。因为所有这些代码是在一个无限循环，它接受语句将返回到等待下一个连接。

#include <stdio.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { int sockfd, newsockfd, portno, clilen; char buffer[256]; struct sockaddr_in serv_addr, cli_addr; int n; /* First call to socket() function */ sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if (sockfd < 0) { perror("ERROR opening socket"); exit(1); } /* Initialize socket structure */ bzero((char *) &serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr)); portno = 5001; serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; serv_addr.sin_port = htons(portno); /* Now bind the host address using bind() call.*/ if (bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *) &serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr)) < 0) { perror("ERROR on binding"); exit(1); } /* Now start listening for the clients, here * process will go in sleep mode and will wait * for the incoming connection */ listen(sockfd,5); clilen = sizeof(cli_addr); while (1) { newsockfd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *) &cli_addr, &clilen); if (newsockfd < 0) { perror("ERROR on accept"); exit(1); } /* Create child process */ pid = fork(); if (pid < 0) { perror("ERROR on fork"); exit(1); } if (pid == 0) { /* This is the client process */ close(sockfd); doprocessing(newsockfd); exit(0); } else { close(newsockfd); } } /* end of while */ }

Here is the simple implementation of doprocessing function.

void doprocessing (int sock)
{
    int n;
    char buffer[256];

    bzero(buffer,256);

    n = read(sock,buffer,255);
    if (n < 0)
    {
        perror("ERROR reading from socket");
        exit(1);
    }
    printf("Here is the message: %s\n",buffer);
    n = write(sock,"I got your message",18);
    if (n < 0) 
    {
        perror("ERROR writing to socket");
        exit(1);
    }
}