博客内容参考自 cplusplus
头文件解释
头文件名字:stdarg
英文原文解释:
Variable arguments handling
This header defines macros to access the individual arguments of a list of unnamed arguments whose number and types are not known to the called function.
A function may accept a varying number of additional arguments without corresponding parameter declarations by including a comma and three dots ( ,...) after its regular named parameters:
return_type function_name ( parameter_declarations , ... );
To access these additional arguments the macros va_start, va_arg and va_end, declared in this header, can be used:
- First, va_start initializes the list of variable arguments as a va_list.
- Subsequent executions of va_arg yield the values of the additional arguments in the same order as passed to the function.
- Finally, va_end shall be executed before the function returns.
个人理解:
C/C++里面存在一种机制,可以使得函数可以接受可变参数,可变参数的意思是变量参数名未知、变量参数类型未知、变量参数数量未知。
函数声明方式是,第一个参数是一个符合语法的确定的参数,后接一个逗号以及三个英文符号的点(省略号)
return_type function_name ( parameter_declarations, ... );
使用方法
类型 va_list 定义用于接受可变参数的变量,然后通过 void va_start(va_list ap, paramN) 函数来初始化加下来的N个未知参数
然后通过 type va_arg(va_list ap, type) 函数来获取ap中的未知参数
在函数返回前要调用 void va_end(va_list ap) 函数来取回
可以通过 int vsprintf(char *s, const char *format, va_list ap); 函数来实现一种特殊用法,下面源码有具体的思想方法
实例
/* vsprintf example */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
void PrintFError ( const char * format, ... )
{
char buffer[256];
va_list args;
va_start (args, format);
vsprintf (buffer,format, args);
perror (buffer);
va_end (args);
}
int main ()
{
FILE * pFile;
char szFileName[]="myfile.txt";
pFile = fopen (szFileName,"r");
if (pFile == NULL)
PrintFError ("Error opening '%s'",szFileName);
else
{
// file successfully open
fclose (pFile);
}
return 0;
}
* 具体情况可直接去cplusplus网站学习