一、fragment:碎片化组件,依托Activity存在,不能单独存在。它有十一个生命周期
onAttach ()Fragment被附加到Activity的时,调用此函数,在这个方法中可以获得宿主Activity。
onCreate ()Fragment被创建的时,调用此函数。
onCreateView ()Fragment的布局加载时,调用此函数。
onActivityCreated ()当宿主Activity启动完毕后,调用此函数
onStart ()启动Fragment时,调用此函数。
onResume ()Fragment恢复时,调用此函数。
onPause ()Fragment暂停时,调用此函数。
onStop ()Fragment停止时,调用此函数。
onDestroyView ()销毁Fragment中的View控件时,调用此函数。
onDestroy ()销毁Fragment时,调用此函数。
onDetach ()Fragment从Activity脱离时,调用此函数
因为Fragment又称为碎片化组件,可以在一个Activity存在多个,所以使用Fragment可以完成复杂程序的编写。
二、ViewPager:是实现页面翻转的组件,里面可以放各种更小的组件,比如Fragment.因此可以在ViewPger里面放Fragment实现页面翻转;
三、ListView:可以列表化的组件;每一个ListView都是一个列表;把ListView放入Fragment可以实现简单的页面信息;
下面看一个简单实例:
代码部分:
1.自定义ViewPager适配器继承FragmentPagerAdapter;
<span style="font-size:18px;">import.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentManager;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentPagerAdapter;
import java.util.List;
public class MyFragmentViewpagerAdapter extends FragmentPagerAdapter {
private List<Fragment>list;
private List<String> titles;
public MyFragmentViewpagerAdapter(FragmentManager fm,
List<Fragment>list,List<String> titles) {
super(fm);
this.list = list;
this.titles = titles;
}
@Override
public Fragment getItem(int position) {
return list.get(position);
}
@Override
public int getCount() {
return list.size();
}
@Override
public CharSequence getPageTitle(int position) {
return titles.get(position);
}
}
</span>
2.在主布局文件中,添加v4工具包中的ViewPager和第三方插件PagerSlidingTabStrip,以实现导航菜单和页面的跳转,并为此ViewPager添加适配器;
3.新建一个碎片组件fragment,在它的布局上添加ListView组件。并为它添加一个ListView适配器;<span style="font-size:18px;">import android.os.Bundle; import android.support.v4.app.Fragment; import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import com.astuetz.PagerSlidingTabStrip; import com.example.administrator.newstop.adapter.MyFragmentViewpagerAdapter; import com.example.administrator.newstop.fragment.PagerFragment; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; public class FragmentPagerActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private ViewPager vp; private PagerSlidingTabStrip pst; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_fragment_pager); vp = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.vp); pst = (PagerSlidingTabStrip) findViewById(R.id.pst); List<Fragment> list = new ArrayList<>(); List<String> list1 = new ArrayList<>(); list1.add("推荐"); list1.add("热点"); list1.add("烟台"); list1.add("财经"); list1.add("体育"); for (int i =1;i<=5;i++){ Fragment fragment = new PagerFragment(); Bundle bundle = new Bundle(); bundle.putInt("key",i); fragment.setArguments(bundle); list.add(fragment); } vp.setAdapter(new MyFragmentViewpagerAdapter (getSupportFragmentManager(),list,list1)); pst.setIndicatorColor(getResources().getColor(R.color.colorPrimary)); //更改指示器高度 pst.setIndicatorHeight(4); //更改字体颜色 pst.setTextColor(getResources().getColor(R.color.colorAccent)); //指示器下面那条线的颜色,容易覆盖指示器 // pst.setUnderlineColor(getResources().getColor(R.color.colorAccent)); //均等分割标题栏,不然的话:如果有两个,它们会挤在头部,后面没东西很难看。 pst.setShouldExpand(true); //标题各项分割线的颜色和分割线距离上下的长度 pst.setDividerPadding(20); pst.setDividerColor(getResources().getColor(R.color.colorPrimary)); pst.setViewPager(vp); } } </span>
4.listView的适配器,对具体数据的处理(这里是自定义的一个新闻类),<span style="font-size:18px;">import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.support.annotation.Nullable; import android.support.v4.app.Fragment; import android.view.LayoutInflater; import android.view.View; import android.view.ViewGroup; import android.widget.AdapterView; import android.widget.ListView; </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"> </span><span style="font-size:18px;">import com.example.administrator.newstop.IntentActivity; import com.example.administrator.newstop.R; import com.example.administrator.newstop.adapter.ListViewFragmentAdapter; import com.example.administrator.newstop.entity.News1; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; /** * A simple {@link Fragment} subclass. */ public class PagerFragment extends Fragment { public PagerFragment() { // Required empty public constructor } @Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { // Inflate the layout for this fragment return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_pager, container, false); } @Override public void onActivityCreated(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState); final List<News1> list = new ArrayList<>(); ListView lv = (ListView) getView().findViewById(R.id.lv); Bundle bundle = getArguments(); ListViewFragmentAdapter la = new ListViewFragmentAdapter(getActivity(),list); lv.setAdapter(la); lv.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() { @Override public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> adapterView, View view, int i, long l) { Intent intent = new Intent(getActivity(), IntentActivity.class); startActivity(intent); } }); if (bundle != null) { int arg = bundle.getInt("key"); switch (arg) { /* * (int imgRes, String title, String content, String from) */ case 1:for(int i =1;i<=15;i++){ list.add(new News1(R.mipmap.ic_launcher,"标题"+i,"这是一门神奇的语言","11小时前")); } la.notifyDataSetChanged(); break; case 2:for(int i =1;i<=15;i++){ list.add(new News1(R.mipmap.ic_launcher,"标题"+i,"这是一门神奇的语言","13小时前")); } la.notifyDataSetChanged(); break; case 3:for(int i =1;i<=15;i++){ list.add(new News1(R.mipmap.ic_launcher,"标题"+i,"这是一门神奇的语言","12小时前")); } la.notifyDataSetChanged(); break; case 4:for(int i =1;i<=15;i++){ list.add(new News1(R.mipmap.ic_launcher,"标题"+i,"这是一门神奇的语言","13小时前")); } la.notifyDataSetChanged(); break; case 5:for(int i =1;i<=15;i++){ list.add(new News1(R.mipmap.ic_launcher,"标题"+i,"这是一门神奇的语言","14小时前")); } la.notifyDataSetChanged(); break; } } } } </span>
截图:<span style="font-size:18px;">package com.example.administrator.newstop.adapter; import android.content.Context; import android.view.LayoutInflater; import android.view.View; import android.view.ViewGroup; import android.widget.BaseAdapter; import android.widget.ImageView; import android.widget.TextView; import com.example.administrator.newstop.R; import com.example.administrator.newstop.entity.News1; import java.util.List; public class ListViewFragmentAdapter extends BaseAdapter { private List<News1> list; private Context context; public ListViewFragmentAdapter(Context context, List<News1> list) { this.context = context; this.list = list; } @Override public int getCount() { return list.size(); } @Override public Object getItem(int i) { return list.get(i); } @Override public long getItemId(int i) { return 0; } @Override public View getView(int i, View view, ViewGroup viewGroup) { ViewHolder vh; if(view == null){ vh = new ViewHolder(); view = LayoutInflater.from(context) .inflate(R.layout.list_layout,null); vh.title = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.title); vh.img = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.iv); vh.content = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.content); vh.from = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.from); view.setTag(vh); } else { vh = (ViewHolder) view.getTag(); } News1 news1 = list.get(i); vh.title.setText(news1.getTitle()); vh.from.setText(news1.getFrom()); vh.img.setImageResource(news1.getImgRes()); vh.content.setText(news1.getContent()); return view; } private class ViewHolder{ private TextView title,from,content; private ImageView img; } } </span>