AndroidStudio——数据存储（一）

                **Android数据存储**

数据存储：

1 . SharedPreferences（以键值对的方式保存的到.xml文件中 路径在手机Data-Data目录下 通过key来获取数据） 一般用于简单的收藏 写在这的坏处：不能同步
用于：记住密码 自动登录
创建SharedPreferences：
SharedPreferences sp=getSharedPreferences(“myopt”,Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
myopt文件名

2 . 读写SD卡

3 . SQLite（轻量级的数据库 文件名为.db ）

4 . ContentProvider(内容提供者 内容来自于SQLite 是一个标准的接口)

存储实例：

SharedPreferencesActivity代码：

public class SharedPreferencesActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private EditText user, pwd;
    private Button login;
    private CheckBox cb1, cb2;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_shared_preferences);
        user = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.user);
        pwd = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.pwd);
        login = (Button) findViewById(R.id.login);
        cb1 = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.cb1);
        cb2 = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.cb2);

        final SharedPreferences sp = getSharedPreferences("userInfo", MODE_PRIVATE);
        login.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                SharedPreferences.Editor editor = sp.edit();
                editor.putString("userName", user.getText().toString());
                //字符串转成Int
                editor.putInt("userPwd", Integer.parseInt(pwd.getText().toString()));
                editor.putBoolean("cb1", cb1.isChecked());
                editor.putBoolean("cb2", cb2.isChecked());
                editor.commit();
                Intent intent = new Intent(SharedPreferencesActivity.this,
                        SettingActivity.class);
                startActivity(intent);
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStart() {
        super.onStart();
        SharedPreferences sp1 = getSharedPreferences("switch", MODE_PRIVATE);
        boolean switch1 = sp1.getBoolean("switch1", false);
        boolean switch2 = sp1.getBoolean("switch2", false);
        cb1.setChecked(switch1);
        cb2.setChecked(switch2);
    }

}

activity_shared_preferences布局：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".SharedPreferencesActivity">

    <EditText
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/user"
        android:hint="请输入用户名："/>
    <EditText
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@+id/user"
        android:id="@+id/pwd"
        android:hint="请输入密码："/>

    <CheckBox
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="记住密码"
        android:id="@+id/cb1"
        android:checked="false"
        android:layout_below="@+id/pwd"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true"
        android:layout_marginStart="46dp" />
    <CheckBox
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="自动登录"
        android:id="@+id/cb2"
        android:layout_marginStart="237dp"
        android:layout_below="@+id/pwd"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true" />
    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/login"
        android:text="登录"
        android:layout_below="@+id/cb1"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true" />
</RelativeLayout>

SettingActivity 代码：

public class SettingActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private Switch switch1, switch2;
    private Button save;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_setting);
        switch1 = (Switch) findViewById(R.id.switch1);
        switch2 = (Switch) findViewById(R.id.switch2);
        save = (Button) findViewById(R.id.save);
        save.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                SharedPreferences sp1 = getSharedPreferences("switch", MODE_PRIVATE);
                SharedPreferences.Editor editor = sp1.edit();
                editor.putBoolean("switch1", switch1.isChecked());
                editor.putBoolean("switch2", switch2.isChecked());
                editor.commit();
                Intent intent = new Intent(SettingActivity.this, SharedPreferencesActivity.class);
                startActivity(intent);
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStart() {
        super.onStart();
        SharedPreferences sp = getSharedPreferences("userInfo", MODE_PRIVATE);
        final boolean cb1 = sp.getBoolean("cb1", false);
        final boolean cb2 = sp.getBoolean("cb2", false);
        switch1.setChecked(cb1);
        switch2.setChecked(cb2);
    }
}

activity_setting布局：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.example.dell.jreduch08.SettingsActivity">
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"></LinearLayout>

    <Switch
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="记住密码"
        android:id="@+id/switch1"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_alignParentEnd="true"
        android:checked="false" />

    <Switch
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="自动登录"
        android:id="@+id/switch2"
        android:checked="false"
        android:layout_below="@+id/switch1"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="保存"
        android:id="@+id/save"
        android:layout_below="@+id/switch2"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />
</RelativeLayout>

实现效果：

改变选择后能与登录界面的选择框保持同步：