【每天学一点】JAVA-DOM4J&XPath的XML处理

　　前2天大概翻了下SE，今天开始看了下DOM4J关于XML的处理，发现java真是一个挺好用的工具呢。明天考6级，果然还是随缘过了，反正……应该不重要吧！！！！！
　　

---

1.关于读取XML的操作

//基本语法

package cn.xml.test;

import java.io.File;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import org.dom4j.Attribute;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.Node;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.junit.Test;

public class ReadXml {

    /**
     * 读取XML内容******* 1.读取文件，SAXReader read, Document doc 2.获取根元素Element
     * doc.getRootElement(); 3.Iterator<Node> it接受存储内容 Iterator
     * <Node> ele.nodeIterator() 4.遍历Iterator, boolean it.hasNext(),Node
     * it.next() 4.5 获取名字 String it.next().getName()
     */


    public void readXml() throws DocumentException {
        // 得到节点信息
        SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
        Document doc = reader.read(new File("pom.xml"));

        // -----得到当前节点所有子对象----相当于XML根节点----不包括下层节点
        Iterator<Node> it = doc.nodeIterator();
        ArrayList<String> al = new ArrayList<>();
        while (it.hasNext()) {
            Node n = it.next(); // 取出节点
            al.add("doc.node: " + n.getName());

            // 继续取下层节点。。只有标签才有子节点
            // 判断是否是标签
            if (n instanceof Element) {
                Element ele = (Element) n;
                Iterator<Node> ie = ele.nodeIterator();
                while (ie.hasNext()) {
                    al.add("node.element: " + ie.next().getName());
                }

            }

        }
        for (String s : al)
            System.out.println(s);

    }

    /**
     * ***********遍历xml中所有Element/***********************
     *
     */

    public static ArrayList<String> al = new ArrayList<>();

    public void readXml2() throws DocumentException {
        // 得到节点信息

        SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
        Document doc = reader.read(new File("pom.xml"));


        // 将根标签存储到Elememt rootEle
        Element rootEle = doc.getRootElement();
        getChildElememt(rootEle);

        for (String s : al)
            System.out.println(s);

    }

    private void getChildElememt(Element e) {

        Iterator<Node> it = e.nodeIterator();
        while (it.hasNext()){
            Node node=it.next();
            if(node instanceof Element){
                al.add(node.getName());
                getChildElememt((Element)node);

            }

        }       

    }



    /*******
     * ***************获取标签
     * @throws DocumentException ***************
     */
    @Test
    public void ReadXML3() throws DocumentException{
//1.读取文档
        SAXReader read=new SAXReader();
        Document doc=read.read(new File("pom.xml"));

//2.获取根标签
        Element rootEle=doc.getRootElement();

//3.1得到指定名称根标签下第一个子标签
        Element buildEle=rootEle.element("build");

        //3.1.1 获取该标签下所有子标签
        List<Element> buildEleChild=buildEle.elements();
        for(Element e:buildEleChild)
            System.out.println(e.getName());



//3.2 得到当前标签下指定名称所有子标签
        Iterator<Element> groupEleI=rootEle.elementIterator("groupId");
        while(groupEleI.hasNext())
            System.out.println(groupEleI.next().getName());

//4.得到当前标签下所有子标签
        List<Element> list=rootEle.elements();

        //方法a
        for(Element s:list)
            System.out.println(s.getName());
//      //方法b
//      for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++){
//          System.out.println(list.get(i).getName());
//      }
//      //方法c
//      Iterator<Element> iterator = list.iterator();
//      while(iterator.hasNext())
//          System.out.println(iterator.next().getName());




//5. 获取深层次标签，只能一层层获取。获取文本.getText()
        Element artIdEle=rootEle.element("build").element("plugins")
                .element("plugin").element("artifactId");
        System.out.println(artIdEle.getText());

//6. 获取指定标签指定属性值
//      //1.属性对象
//      Attribute att=rootEle.attribute("schemaLocation");
//      System.out.println(att.getName()+"="+att.getValue());
//      
//      //2，直接查找
//      System.out.println(rootEle.attributeValue("schemaLocation"));

        //3.得到所有属性返回值
        List<Attriute> attributes = rootEle.attributes();
        for(Attribute i:attributes)
            System.out.println(i.getName()+"="+i.getValue());

//7.获取得到指定标签文本  .elementTe
xt("标签名") 标签名.getText();
        System.out.println(rootEle.element("build").element("plugins")
                .element("plugin").elementText("version"));



    }

}

//一个封装类pomdependencies.java
package cn.xml.test;

public class PomDependencies {

    private String GroupId;
    private String ArtifactId;
    private String Version;
    private int Tid;

    public int getTid() {
        return Tid;
    }
    public void setTid(int tid) {
        Tid = tid;
    }
    public String getGroupId() {
        return GroupId;
    }
    public void setGroupId(String groupId) {
        GroupId = groupId;
    }
    public String getArtifactId() {
        return ArtifactId;
    }
    public void setArtifactId(String artifactId) {
        ArtifactId = artifactId;
    }
    public String getVersion() {
        return Version;
    }
    public void setVersion(String version) {
        Version = version;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "PomDependencies [Tid=" + Tid + ", GroupId=" + GroupId + ", ArtifactId=" + ArtifactId + ", Version="
                + Version + "]";
    }
}


//主
package cn.xml.test;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;

public class PomShow {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws DocumentException {
        ArrayList<PomDependencies> al=new ArrayList<>();


        SAXReader sr=new SAXReader();
        Document doc=sr.read(new File("pom.xml"));

        Element depElem=doc.getRootElement().element("dependencies");
        List<Element> el = depElem.elements();
        int a=1;
        for(Element i:el){
            PomDependencies pd=new PomDependencies();
            pd.setTid(a);
            pd.setGroupId(i.elementText("groupId"));
            pd.setArtifactId(i.elementText("artifactId"));
            pd.setVersion(i.elementText("version"));
            al.add(pd);
            a++;
        }

        System.out.println(al.get(1));
        for(PomDependencies i:al)
            System.out.println(i.toString());



    }

}

2.关于XML的修改

//XMLWrite.java
package cn.xml.write;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;

public class XmlWrite  {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
    //1，读取一个XML文件
    Document doc=new SAXReader().read(new File("src/test.xml"));


    //2.修改XML文件
        //2.1输出格式
    OutputFormat of1=OutputFormat.createCompactFormat();  //无换行空格
    OutputFormat of2=OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();   //有换行空格  

//  of1.setEncoding("GBK");  //改变编码格式

    //2.以字节流的方式保存到所指定文件,到指定目录
    FileOutputStream fo=new FileOutputStream("src/xw.xml");

    //3.创建写出对象
    XMLWriter xw=new XMLWriter(fo);
//  XMLWriter xw=new XMLWriter(fo,of1);   //带输出格式

    //4.写入对象
    xw.write(doc);

    //5.关闭流
    xw.close();


    }

}

//XMLEx.java
package cn.xml.write;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

import org.dom4j.Attribute;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXWriter;
import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;
import org.junit.Test;

public class XmlEx {

    /**
     * 创建增加XML内容
     * @throws IOException
     */


    public void XmlAdd() throws IOException{

    //创建文档---并写入    
    Document doc=DocumentHelper.createDocument();

    //加入标签，并以根标签传入rootEle
    Element rootEle= doc.addElement("ContactList");
    //在根标签内加入Contact标签
    Element conEle=rootEle.addElement("Contact");
    //在Contact标签下再加入标签,写入内容
    conEle.addElement("name").addText("xiaoli");
    conEle.addElement("telephone").addText("1123456789");
    //增加属性
    conEle.addAttribute("id", "001");

    FileOutputStream fo=new FileOutputStream("src/XmlWrite.xml");
    OutputFormat of=OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
    of.setEncoding("utf-8");
    XMLWriter xw=new XMLWriter(fo,of);
    xw.write(doc);
    xw.close();

    }
    /**
     * 修改XML内容
     * @throws DocumentException 
     * @throws IOException 
     */
    @Test
    public void XmlChange() throws DocumentException, IOException{
        Document doc=new SAXReader().read(new File("src/XmlWrite.xml"));
        Element conEle=doc.getRootElement().element("contact1");
    /**
     * 修改属性值
     * 1.找到标签
     * 2.找到属性对象
     * 3.修改
     */
        //1.修改      
//      Attribute att=conEle.attribute("id");
//      att.setValue("002");
        //2.或者增加同名属性修改
        conEle.addAttribute("id", "004");

    /**
     * 修改节点名
     */
        // conEle.setName("contact1");

    /**
     * 修改文本名
     */

        //conEle.element("xiaoming").setName("name");
        conEle.element("name").setText("xiaoming");

    /**
     * 删除标签
     */


            try {
                conEle.element("telephone").detach();
            } catch (Exception e) {

            }


    /**
     * 删除属性
     */
        conEle.attribute("id").detach();


        FileOutputStream fo=new FileOutputStream("src/XmlWrite.xml");
        XMLWriter xw=new XMLWriter(fo);
        xw.write(doc);
        xw.close();



    }


}

1. 关于XPath

package cn.xpath.test;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;

import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;


public class XpathDemo {
    /**
     * xPath方法
     * 1.List<node> selectNodes("xpath 表达式")；
     * 2.Node selectSingleNode("xpath 表达式");
     * @throws DocumentException 
     * @throws IOException 
     */
    //为Dependency增加属性id=001……修改id=2标签下的groupId值
    public static void main(String[] args) throws DocumentException, IOException {
        Document doc=new SAXReader().read(new File("src/pomcopy.xml"));

        List<Element> list=doc.selectNodes("//dependency");
        int a=1;
        for(Element i:list){
            i.addAttribute("id",String.valueOf(a));
            a++;
            }

        Element e=(Element) doc.selectSingleNode("//dependency[@id='2']/groupId");
        e.setText("it's a test");

        FileOutputStream fo=new FileOutputStream("src/pomcopy.xml");
        XMLWriter xw=new XMLWriter(fo);
        xw.write(doc);
        xw.close();

    }

}