最近想搞torch,发现是lua写的。
lua是嘛玩意?学学看。
以下内容参考http://www.lua.org/start.html
(1)到官网,先装上再说。
curl -R -O http://www.lua.org/ftp/lua-5.2.3.tar.gz 也可以在浏览器直接输入http://www.lua.org/ftp/lua-5.2.3.tar.gz
tar zxf lua-5.2.3.tar.gz
cd lua-5.2.3
make linux test
For Mac OS X, use make macosx test
.
以下内容参考http://www.dcc.ufrj.br/~fabiom/lua/01GettingStarted.pdf
(2)hello world
在控制台:
lua
io.write("hello world\n")
在文件:
vi defs.lua
function fact(n)
if n < 2 then
return 1
else
return n * fact(n - 1)
end
end
lua
dofile("defs.lua")
print(fact(6))
(3)函数
通过命名空间区分函数
print和dofile都是builld-in函数
math函数,pi、sin、sqrt、random
日期os.date()
调用(运行)脚本dofile
(4)变量
默认变量是全局的,默认值nil
变量无需变量,只需赋值然后使用
(5)注释
--我是单行注释
--[[
我们是多行注释
--]]
以下内容参考http://www.dcc.ufrj.br/~fabiom/lua/04Functions.pdf
(6)函数
local function
local function max(a,b)
return (a>b) and a or b
end
multiple result
> s, e = string.find("hello Lua users", "Lua")
> print(s, e)
7 9
具体的使用方法,参考原博客。挺巧妙的
以下内容参考http://www.dcc.ufrj.br/~fabiom/lua/05DataStructures.pdf
(7)数据结构
- table代表一切
>tab["x"]=5
>print(tab["x"])
5
- arrays是下标从1开始的连续的integer值
for i=1,6 do
a[i]=math.random(10)
end
- 数组长度
添加:a[#a+1]=math.random(10)
删除:a[#a]=nil
- 插入、删除、排序
> table.insert(a, 3, 10) -- insert 10 in position 3
> print_array(a)
{ 1, 2, 10, 3, 4, 5 }
> table.remove(a, 4) -- remove fourth element
> print_array(a)
{ 1, 2, 10, 4, 5 }
> a = { "Python", "Lua", "C", "JavaScript", "Java", "Lisp" }
> table.sort(a)
> print_array(a)
{ C, Java, JavaScript, Lisp, Lua, Python }
- 连接concatenatation
分隔符可选,默认""
function print_array(a)
print("{" .. table.concat(a, ", ") .. "}")
end
习惯将string数组存为buffer,使用table.contact方法从buffer中获取单独的string
- 使用ipairs迭代
local a = { 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 }
local sum = 0
for i, x in ipairs(a) do
print("adding element " .. i)
sum = sum + x
end
print("the sum is " .. sum)
- 矩阵matrices
local mt = {}
for i = 1, 3 do
mt[i] = {}
for j = 1, 5 do
mt[i][j] = 0
end
end
- Records(数据结构?)
point1 = { x = 10, y = 20 }
point2 = { x = 50, y = 5 }
line = { from = point1, to = point2, color = "blue" }
line.color = "red" -- same as line["color"] = "red"
print(line.from.x, line["color"])
- 集合sets
table,keys是集合的元素,value是true。通过索引删除和添加元素
-- a set of four random integers from 1 to 10
local set = { [math.random(10)] = true, [math.random(10)] = true, [math.random(10)] = true, [math.random(10)] = true }
- 使用ipairs迭代
local tab = { x = 5, y = 3, 10, "foo" }
for k, v in pairs(tab) do
print(tostring(k) .. " = " .. tostring(v))
end
pairs不是有序迭代,可用于set等;array须使用ipairs迭代
(8)复习一下上面的数据结构
>sunday = "monday"; monday = "sunday"
>t = { sunday = "monday", [sunday] = monday }
>print(t.sunday, t[sunday], t[t.sunday])
monday sunday sunday
分析过程:
(9)敲代码费劲?用IDE?
看这里http://www.eclipse.org/ldt/#installation。
- In your Eclipse 4.3+ go to Help > Install New Software...
- Add the following repository:
- http://download.eclipse.org/ldt/releases/milestones/
- Now you can install the Lua Development Tools.
local function main()
io.write("hello, lua")
t = {}
s = "from=world, to=Lua"
for k, v in string.gmatch(s, "(%w+)=(%w+)") do
t[k] = v
print(v)
end
a={}
i=0
s=" 1 2 3 -9 5"
for w in string.gmatch(s, "%d+") do
print(w)
a[i]=w
i=i+1
end
print(a)
end
main()
(9)保存table到文件
function TableToString(t)
local r=""
for k,v in pairs(t) do
r=r.." "..v --空格分隔
end
return r
end
file = io.open("z_result.txt","w")
a={1,2,-3,"3"}
file:write(TableToString(a))
file:close()
1 2 -3 3
(10)从文件加载double数据
这个整死我了,感觉花了一辈子时间
function analys(line)
for w in string.gmatch(line,"[^%s]+") do
print(w.." "..tonumber(w).." ")
end
end
function main()
a = os.clock()
file = io.open(filename,"r")
for line in file:lines() do
analys(line)
end
file.close()
b = os.clock()
print ("time: "..(b-a).."s")
end
main()
数据格式示例:
0.278285 -5.63E-4 0.156217 0.365401 -0.196637 2.75E-4 1.0 0.0