Android开发——ViewPage的使用

**（注：本篇文章的例子使用的是ConstraintLayout布局方式）
ViewPage有两种使用方式，一是直接加载布局文件（使用PagerAdapter），二是加载fragment（使用FragmentPagerAdapter）。**
效果图：

一、直接加载布局文件

1.在主布局中加入ViewPage

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.example.test.MainActivity">

    <android.support.v4.view.ViewPager
        android:id="@+id/viewPage"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"></android.support.v4.view.ViewPager>

</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

2.新建三个layout

为了方便我们新建三个基本一样的layout。
layout1：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:text="layout1"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.498"
        tools:layout_constraintBottom_creator="1"
        tools:layout_constraintLeft_creator="1"
        tools:layout_constraintRight_creator="1"
        tools:layout_constraintTop_creator="1"
        android:layout_marginLeft="0dp" />
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

layout2：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:text="layout2"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.0"
        tools:layout_constraintBottom_creator="1"
        tools:layout_constraintLeft_creator="1"
        tools:layout_constraintRight_creator="1"
        tools:layout_constraintTop_creator="1"
        android:layout_marginLeft="0dp"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0" />
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

layout3：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:text="layout3"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.498"
        tools:layout_constraintBottom_creator="1"
        tools:layout_constraintLeft_creator="1"
        tools:layout_constraintRight_creator="1"
        tools:layout_constraintTop_creator="1"
        android:layout_marginLeft="0dp" />
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

这三个布局是添加到ViewPage中的，里面的内容非常简单，当然我们只是为了测试，你可以在其中加入更多的东西。

3.适配器PagerAdapter

新建ViewPageAdapter继承自PagerAdapter：

package com.example.test;

import android.support.v4.view.PagerAdapter;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

import java.util.List;


/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/7/11.
 */

public class ViewPageAdapter extends PagerAdapter {
    private List<View> list;

    public ViewPageAdapter(List<View> list) {
        this.list = list;
    }


    /**
     * @return 返回要滑动的VIew的个数
     */
    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return list.size();
    }

    /**
     * @param view
     * @param object
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public boolean isViewFromObject(View view, Object object) {
        return view == object;
    }

    /**
     * @param container
     * @param position
     * @return 做了两件事，第一：将当前视图添加到container中，第二：返回当前View
     */
    @Override
    public Object instantiateItem(ViewGroup container, int position) {
        container.addView(list.get(position));
        return list.get(position);
    }

    /**
     * @param container 从当前container中删除指定位置（position）的View
     * @param position
     * @param object
     */
    @Override
    public void destroyItem(ViewGroup container, int position, Object object) {
        container.removeView(list.get(position));
    }
}

4.在Activity中配置ViewPage

package com.example.test;

import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private View view1, view2, view3;
    private ViewPager viewPager;  //对应的viewPager

    private List<View> viewList;//view数组

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        viewPager = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.viewPage);
        LayoutInflater inflater=getLayoutInflater();
        view1 = inflater.inflate(R.layout.layout1, null);
        view2 = inflater.inflate(R.layout.layout2,null);
        view3 = inflater.inflate(R.layout.layout3, null);

        viewList = new ArrayList<View>();// 将要分页显示的View装入数组中
        viewList.add(view1);
        viewList.add(view2);
        viewList.add(view3);

        ViewPageAdapter adapter = new ViewPageAdapter(viewList);
        viewPager.setAdapter(adapter);
    }
}

上面的代码将layout加载到view中，把view放到数组中并设置到Adapter中，最后给ViewPage设置Adapter。到这里第一种方式实现ViewPage就完成了。

二、加载fragment

通过加载fragment设置ViewPage与第一种方式的前两步一样，加载主布局和新建三个layout这里省略直接进行第三步。

3.新建fragment

fragment1：

package com.example.test;


import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;

/**
 * A simple {@link Fragment} subclass.
 */
public class Fragment1 extends Fragment {


    public Fragment1() {
        // Required empty public constructor
    }

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View rootView=inflater.inflate(R.layout.layout1, container, false);
        return rootView;
    }

}

fragment2：

package com.example.test;


import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

/**
 * A simple {@link Fragment} subclass.
 */
public class Fragment2 extends Fragment {


    public Fragment2() {
        // Required empty public constructor
    }

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View rootView=inflater.inflate(R.layout.layout2, container, false);
        return rootView;
    }

}

fragment3：

package com.example.test;


import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

/**
 * A simple {@link Fragment} subclass.
 */
public class Fragment3 extends Fragment {


    public Fragment3() {
        // Required empty public constructor
    }

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View rootView=inflater.inflate(R.layout.layout3, container, false);
        return rootView;
    }

}

代码很简单，这里新建了三个fragment，分别加载三个layout。

4.适配器FragmentPagerAdapter

新建ViewPageFragmentAdapter继承自FragmentPagerAdapter：

package com.example.test;

import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentManager;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentPagerAdapter;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/7/11.
 */

public class ViewPageFragmentAdapter extends FragmentPagerAdapter {

    private List<Fragment> fragmentList = new ArrayList<>();

    public ViewPageFragmentAdapter(FragmentManager fm) {
        super(fm);
    }

    public void addFragment(Fragment fragment) {
        fragmentList.add(fragment);
    }

    @Override
    public Fragment getItem(int position) {
        return fragmentList.get(position);
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return fragmentList.size();
    }
}

除了必须要实现的几个方法外，这里我自定义了一个方法addFragment()，用于将fragment传递进来。

5.在Activity中配置ViewPage

package com.example.test;

import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private ViewPager viewPager;  //对应的viewPager

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        viewPager = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.viewPage);

        ViewPageFragmentAdapter adapter = new ViewPageFragmentAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager());
        adapter.addFragment(new Fragment1());
        adapter.addFragment(new Fragment2());
        adapter.addFragment(new Fragment3());
        viewPager.setAdapter(adapter);
    }
}

新建适配器，将fragment加入到适配器中并给ViewPage设置适配器。到这里ViewPage的第二种使用方式也讲完了。我的下一篇文章会写ViewPage与TabLayout和BottomNavigationView的组合使用，有兴趣的小伙伴可以继续阅读。