spring 事务配置方法

         Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。 

         DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。
         如图：

 根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：

 

 第一种方式：每个Bean都有一个代理

<bean id="sessionFactory"     
           class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">     
       <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />     
       <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />   
   </bean>     
  
   <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->     
   <bean id="transactionManager"  
       class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">   
       <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />   
   </bean>   
      
   <!-- 配置DAO -->   
   <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">   
       <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />   
   </bean>   
      
   <bean id="userDao"     
       class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">     
          <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->     
          <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />        
       <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />     
        <property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />   
       <!-- 配置事务属性 -->     
       <property name="transactionAttributes">     
           <props>     
               <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>   
           </props>     
       </property>     
   </bean>     
lt;/beans>  

第二种方式：所有Bean共享一个代理基类

<bean id="sessionFactory"     
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">     
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />     
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />   
    </bean>     
  
    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->     
    <bean id="transactionManager"  
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">   
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />   
    </bean>   
       
    <bean id="transactionBase"     
            class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"     
            lazy-init="true" abstract="true">     
        <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->     
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />     
        <!-- 配置事务属性 -->     
        <property name="transactionAttributes">     
            <props>     
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>     
            </props>     
        </property>     
    </bean>       
      
    <!-- 配置DAO -->   
    <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">   
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />   
    </bean>   
       
    <bean id="userDao" parent="transactionBase" >     
        <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />      
    </bean>   
</beans>  

第三种：使用拦截器

<bean id="sessionFactory"     
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">     
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />     
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />   
    </bean>     
  
    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->     
    <bean id="transactionManager"  
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">   
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />   
    </bean>    
      
    <bean id="transactionInterceptor"     
        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">     
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />     
        <!-- 配置事务属性 -->     
        <property name="transactionAttributes">     
            <props>     
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>     
            </props>     
        </property>     
    </bean>   
         
    <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">     
        <property name="beanNames">     
            <list>     
                <value>*Dao</value>   
            </list>     
        </property>     
        <property name="interceptorNames">     
            <list>     
                <value>transactionInterceptor</value>     
            </list>     
        </property>     
    </bean>     
     
    <!-- 配置DAO -->   
    <bean id="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">   
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />   
    </bean>   
</beans>  

第四种：使用tx标签配置的拦截器

<context:annotation-config />   
   <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />   
  
   <bean id="sessionFactory"     
           class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">     
       <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />     
       <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />   
   </bean>     
  
   <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->     
   <bean id="transactionManager"  
       class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">   
       <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />   
   </bean>   
  
   <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">   
       <tx:attributes>   
           <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />   
       </tx:attributes>   
   </tx:advice>   
      
   <aop:config>   
       <aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts"  
           expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />   
       <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"  
           pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />           
   </aop:config>         
lt;/beans>  

全注解：

<context:annotation-config />   
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />   
  
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>   
  
    <bean id="sessionFactory"     
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">     
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />     
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />   
    </bean>     
  
    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->     
    <bean id="transactionManager"  
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">   
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />   
    </bean>   
       
</beans>  

此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解

package com.bluesky.spring.dao;   
  
import java.util.List;   
  
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;   
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;   
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;   
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;   
  
import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;   
  
@Transactional  
@Component("userDao")   
public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {   
  
    public List<User> listUsers() {   
        return this.getSession().createQuery("from User").list();   
    }   
       
       
} 

文章出处：http://jie2workjava.iteye.com/blog/446250