Android 抽屉效果的导航菜单实现
抽屉效果的导航菜单
看了很多应用,觉得这种侧滑的抽屉效果的菜单很好。
不用切换到另一个页面,也不用去按菜单的硬件按钮,直接在界面上一个按钮点击,菜单就滑出来,而且感觉能放很多东西。
关于实现,搜索了一下,有如下两种:
1.用SlidingDrawer:
http://developer.android.com/reference/android/widget/SlidingDrawer.html
但是不知道为什么这个类官方不建议再继续用了:
Deprecated since API level 17
2.用DrawerLayout:
http://developer.android.com/reference/android/support/v4/widget/DrawerLayout.html
Guide在这里:
http://developer.android.com/training/implementing-navigation/nav-drawer.html
库的引用
首先, DrawerLayout
这个类是在Support Library里的,需要加上android-support-v4.jar这个包。
然后程序中用时在前面导入import android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout;
如果找不到这个类,首先用SDK Manager更新一下Android Support Library,然后在Android SDK\extras\android\support\v4路径下找到android-support-v4.jar,复制到项目的libs路径,将其Add to Build Path.
代码1
布局:
< RelativeLayout xmlns:android ="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"xmlns:tools ="http://schemas.android.com/tools"android:layout_width ="match_parent"android:layout_height ="match_parent" >< android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayoutxmlns:android ="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:id ="@+id/drawer_layout"android:layout_width ="match_parent"android:layout_height ="match_parent" ><!-- The main content view --><!-- main content must be the first element of DrawerLayout because it will be drawn first and drawer must be on top of it -->< FrameLayoutandroid:id ="@+id/content_frame"android:layout_width ="match_parent"android:layout_height ="match_parent" /><!-- The navigation drawer -->< ListViewandroid:id ="@+id/left_drawer"android:layout_width ="240dp"android:layout_height ="match_parent"android:layout_gravity ="left"android:background ="#111"android:choiceMode ="singleChoice"android:divider ="@android:color/transparent"android:dividerHeight ="0dp" /></ android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout ></RelativeLayout>
DrawerLayout的第一个子元素是主要内容,即抽屉没有打开时显示的布局。这里采用了一个FrameLayout,里面什么也没放。
DrawerLayout的第二个子元素是抽屉中的内容,即抽屉布局,这里采用了一个ListView。
主要的Activity(从官方实例中扒出来的):
package com.example.hellodrawer;import android.os.Bundle;import android.app.Activity;import android.content.res.Configuration;import android.view.MenuItem;import android.view.View;import android.widget.AdapterView;import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;import android.widget.ListView;import android.support.v4.app.ActionBarDrawerToggle;import android.support.v4.view.GravityCompat;import android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout;public class HelloDrawerActivity extends Activityprivate String[] mPlanetTitles;{ private DrawerLayout mDrawerLayout;private ActionBarDrawerToggle mDrawerToggle;private ListView mDrawerList;@Overridepublic void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){super .onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_hello_drawer);mDrawerLayout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);// init the ListView and Adapter, nothing newinitListView();// set a custom shadow that overlays the main content when the drawer// opensmDrawerLayout.setDrawerShadow(R.drawable.drawer_shadow,GravityCompat.START);mDrawerToggle = new ActionBarDrawerToggle( this , mDrawerLayout,R.drawable.ic_drawer, R.string.drawer_open,R.string.drawer_close) {/** Called when a drawer has settled in a completely closed state. */public void onDrawerClosed(View view){invalidateOptionsMenu(); // creates call to// onPrepareOptionsMenu()}/** Called when a drawer has settled in a completely open state. */public void onDrawerOpened(View drawerView){invalidateOptionsMenu(); // creates call to// onPrepareOptionsMenu()}};// Set the drawer toggle as the DrawerListenermDrawerLayout.setDrawerListener(mDrawerToggle);// enable ActionBar app icon to behave as action to toggle nav drawergetActionBar().setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled( true );// getActionBar().setHomeButtonEnabled(true);// Note: getActionBar() Added in API level 11}private void initListView(){mDrawerList = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.left_drawer);mPlanetTitles = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.planets_array);// Set the adapter for the list viewmDrawerList.setAdapter( new ArrayAdapter<String>( this ,R.layout.list_item, mPlanetTitles));// Set the list's click listenermDrawerList.setOnItemClickListener( new OnItemClickListener(){public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,@Override int position, long id){// Highlight the selected item, update the title, and close the// drawermDrawerList.setItemChecked(position, true );setTitle(mPlanetTitles[position]);mDrawerLayout.closeDrawer(mDrawerList);} }); } @Overrideprotected void onPostCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){super .onPostCreate(savedInstanceState);// Sync the toggle state after onRestoreInstanceState has occurred.mDrawerToggle.syncState();} @Overridepublic void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig){super .onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);mDrawerToggle.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);} @Overridepublic boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item){// Pass the event to ActionBarDrawerToggle, if it returns// true, then it has handled the app icon touch eventif (mDrawerToggle.onOptionsItemSelected(item)){return true ;}// Handle your other action bar items...return super .onOptionsItemSelected(item);}}
比较纠结的是用了Level 11的一个API,这样minSdkVersion就有限制,不能太低。
图片资源Android官网示例处提供下载了。
程序运行后效果如下:
抽屉打开前:
抽屉打开后:
代码2
今天又看了一下DrawerLayout的类,发现有很多方法可以直接用的。
重新试了一下,其实不用上面那么麻烦,随便自己定义一个按钮控制抽屉的打开就行:
布局:
< RelativeLayout xmlns:android ="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"xmlns:tools ="http://schemas.android.com/tools"android:layout_width ="match_parent"android:layout_height ="match_parent"android:paddingBottom ="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"android:paddingLeft ="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"android:paddingRight ="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"android:paddingTop ="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"tools:context =".DrawerActivity" >< android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayoutandroid:id ="@+id/drawer_layout"android:layout_width ="match_parent"android:layout_height ="match_parent" ><!-- The main content view -->< FrameLayoutandroid:id ="@+id/content_frame"android:layout_width ="match_parent"android:layout_height ="match_parent" >< Buttonandroid:id ="@+id/btn"android:layout_width ="match_parent"android:layout_height ="wrap_content"android:text ="open"/></ FrameLayout ><!-- The navigation drawer -->< ListViewandroid:id ="@+id/left_drawer"android:layout_width ="240dp"android:layout_height ="match_parent"android:layout_gravity ="start"android:background ="#111"android:choiceMode ="singleChoice"android:divider ="@android:color/transparent"android:dividerHeight ="0dp" /></ android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout ></RelativeLayout>
主要代码:
package com.example.hellodrawer;import android.os.Bundle;import android.app.Activity;import android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout;import android.view.Gravity;import android.view.View;import android.view.View.OnClickListener;import android.widget.Button;public class DrawerActivity extends Activityprivate DrawerLayout mDrawerLayout = null ;{@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){super .onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_drawer);mDrawerLayout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn);button.setOnClickListener( new OnClickListener(){@Overridepublic void onClick(View v){// 按钮按下,将抽屉打开mDrawerLayout.openDrawer(Gravity.LEFT);} }); }}
参考资料
官方教程:
http://developer.android.com/design/patterns/navigation-drawer.html
http://developer.android.com/training/implementing-navigation/nav-drawer.html
其他参考资料:
http://blog.chengyunfeng.com/?p=493
http://my.eoe.cn/appadventure/archive/3826.html