基于注解的Spring MVC+Hiberntae简单入门

最新推荐文章于 2021-04-19 22:28:05 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-04-19 22:28:05 发布

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基于注解的Spring MVC+Hiberntae简单入门

1、概述

本文旨在搭建Spring MVC+Hibernate开发框架，通过一个简单的demo讲解Spring MVC的相关配置文件，以及通过注解方式实现简单功能。

开发框架：Spring + Spring MVC+Hibernate（Spring所用的版本为3.0.5）。

数据库：MySQL（数据库名称test，demo工程所用的表名为user_info）。

2、开发框架搭建

2.1 创建工程

在Eclipse的Java EE版本或MyEclipse中创建一个Dynamic Web Project。并创建如下包：

（1）com.dao：系统的DAO；

（2）com.model：表的实体类（使用Hibernate），在该工程中不配置.hbm.xml映射文件，采取注解的方式；

（3）com.service：业务逻辑接口类和实现类；

（4）com.web：Spring MVC的Controllor类；

（5）com.config：Spring和Spring MVC的配置文件。

创建成功后包结构如下所示：
   springmvctest
        src
        ----com
            ----amigo
                ----dao
                ----model
                ----service
                ----web
         ----config
         WebContent
         ----META-INF
         ----WEB-INF
             ----lib
             ----classes

2.2 引入相关包

         需要将Spring、Spring MVC、Hibernate、MySQL驱动、log4j、c3p0数据源等的相关包引入。lib目录下的jar包如下：
      antlr-2.7.6.jar
      aopalliance.jar
      asm-attrs.jar
      asm.jar
      c3p0-0.9.0.jar
      cglib-2.1.3.jar
      commons-beanutils-1.8.0.jar
      commons-beanutils-bean-collections-1.8.0.jar
      commons-betwixt-0.8.jar
      commons-collections-2.1.1.jar
      commons-digester-2.1.jar
      commons-discovery-0.2.jar
      commons-httpclient.jar
      commons-logging.jar
      dom4j-1.6.1.jar
      ehcache-1.2.3.jar
      ejb3-persistence.jar
      hibernate-annotations.jar
      hibernate-commons-annotations.jar
      hibernate-entitymanager.jar
      hibernate-validator.jar
      hibernate3.jar
      jaas.jar
      javassist.jar
      jaxen-1.1-beta-7.jar
      jaxrpc.jar
      jboss-archive-browsing.jar
      jdbc2_0-stdext.jar
      jta.jar
      log4j-1.2.11.jar
      mysql-connector-java-5.0.4-bin.jar
      org.springframework.aop-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar
      org.springframework.asm-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar
      org.springframework.aspects-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar
      org.springframework.beans-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar
      org.springframework.context-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar
      org.springframework.context.support-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar
      org.springframework.core-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar
      org.springframework.expression-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar
      org.springframework.instrument-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar
      org.springframework.instrument.tomcat-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar
      org.springframework.jdbc-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar
      org.springframework.jms-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar
      org.springframework.orm-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar
      org.springframework.oxm-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar
      org.springframework.test-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar
      org.springframework.transaction-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar
      org.springframework.web-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar
      org.springframework.web.servlet-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar
      saaj.jar
      wsdl4j.jar
      xerces-2.6.2.jar
      xml-apis.jar

2.3 配置文件

2.3.1 配置web.xml

在web.xml中需要配置Spring的配置文件（applicationContext.xml）和Spring MVC配置文件（spring-mvc.xml），配置指定所有.do的请求都由Spring的DispatcherServlet类进行处理。

web.xml文件的参考配置如下：

<? xml version = " 1.0 " encoding = " UTF-8 " ?>

< web - app xmlns:xsi = " http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance " xmlns = " http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee " xmlns:web = " http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd " xsi:schemaLocation = " http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd " id = " WebApp_ID " version = " 2.5 " >

< display - name > springmvctest </ display - name >

< welcome - file - list >

< welcome - file > index.html </ welcome - file >

< welcome - file > index.htm </ welcome - file >

< welcome - file > index.jsp </ welcome - file >

</ welcome - file - list >

< context - param >

< param - name > contextConfigLocation </ param - name >

< param - value > classpath:config / applicationContext.xml </ param - value >

</ context - param >

< listener >

< listener - class > org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener

</ listener - class >

</ listener >

< servlet >

< servlet - name > spring - mvc </ servlet - name >

< servlet - class > org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet </ servlet - class >

< init - param >

< param - name > contextConfigLocation </ param - name >

< param - value > classpath:config / spring - mvc.xml </ param - value >

</ init - param >

< load - on - startup > 1 </ load - on - startup >

</ servlet >

< servlet - mapping >

< servlet - name > spring - mvc </ servlet - name >

< url - pattern >* . do </ url - pattern >

</ servlet - mapping >

< filter >

< filter - name > encodingFilter </ filter - name >

< filter - class > org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter </ filter - class >

< init - param >

< param - name > encoding </ param - name >

< param - value > UTF - 8 </ param - value >

</ init - param >

< init - param >

< param - name > forceEncoding </ param - name >

< param - value > true </ param - value >

</ init - param >

</ filter >

< filter - mapping >

< filter - name > encodingFilter </ filter - name >

< url - pattern > /*</url-pattern>

</filter-mapping>

</web-app>

2.3.2 配置 spring 的配置文件

Spring的配置文件applicationContext.xml文件中主要配置对Hibernate的事务的管理，该配置文件的参考配置如下：

<? xml version = " 1.0 " encoding = " UTF-8 " ?>

< beans xmlns = " http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans "

xmlns:xsi = " http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance " xmlns:context = " http://www.springframework.org/schema/context "

xmlns:aop = " http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop "

xmlns:task = " http://www.springframework.org/schema/task "

xsi:schemaLocation = "

http: // www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http: // www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd

http: // www.springframework.org/schema/context

http: // www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd

http: // www.springframework.org/schema/aop

http: // www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd

http: // www.springframework.org/schema/task

http: // www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-3.0.xsd">

< context:annotation - config />

< context:component - scan base - package = " com.amigo " >

< context:include - filter type = " annotation " expression = " org.springframework.stereotype.Service " />

< context:include - filter type = " annotation " expression = " org.springframework.stereotype.Repository " />

</ context:component - scan >

< bean id = " dataSource " class = " com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource " destroy - method = " close " >

< property name = " driverClass " >

< value > com.mysql.jdbc.Driver </ value >

</ property >

< property name = " jdbcUrl " >

< value > jdbc:mysql: // localhost/test</value>

</ property >

< property name = " user " >

< value > root </ value >

</ property >

< property name = " password " >

< value > 123456 </ value >

</ property >

< property name = " maxPoolSize " >

< value > 80 </ value >

</ property >

< property name = " minPoolSize " >

< value > 1 </ value >

</ property >

< property name = " initialPoolSize " >

< value > 1 </ value >

</ property >

< property name = " maxIdleTime " >

< value > 20 </ value >

</ property >

</ bean >

< bean id = " sessionFactory " class = " org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean " >

< property name = " dataSource " ref = " dataSource " />

< property name = " packagesToScan " value = " com.amigo.model* " ></ property >

< property name = " hibernateProperties " >

< props >

< prop key = " hibernate.dialect " > org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect </ prop >

< prop key = " show_sql " > true </ prop >

< prop key = " hibernate.jdbc.batch_size " > 20 </ prop >

</ props >

</ property >

</ bean >

< bean id = " transactionManager " class = " org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager " >

< property name = " sessionFactory " ref = " sessionFactory " ></ property >

</ bean >

< bean id = " transactionInterceptor "

class = " org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor " >

< property name = " transactionManager " ref = " transactionManager " ></ property >

< property name = " transactionAttributes " >

< props >

< prop key = " save* " > PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </ prop >

< prop key = " update* " > PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </ prop >

< prop key = " delete* " > PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </ prop >

< prop key = " find* " > PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </ prop >

< prop key = " get* " > PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </ prop >

< prop key = " execute* " > PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </ prop >

< prop key = " load* " > PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </ prop >

< prop key = " merge* " > PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </ prop >

< prop key = " add* " > PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </ prop >

</ props >

</ property >

</ bean >

< bean

class = " org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator " >

< property name = " beanNames " >

< list >

< value >* Service </ value >

</ list >

</ property >

< property name = " interceptorNames " >

< list >

< value > transactionInterceptor </ value >

</ list >

</ property >

</ bean >

</ beans >

2.3.3 配置 Spring MVC 配置文件

Spring MVC的配置文件spring-mvc.xml中主要是Controller的配置信息，该文件的参考配置如下：

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

< beans xmlns ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

xmlns:context ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xmlns:mvc ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

xsi:schemaLocation ="

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc

http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd"

default-lazy-init ="true" >

< context:annotation-config />

< context:component-scan base-package ="com.amigo.web" />

< bean id ="viewResolver" class ="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"

p:prefix ="/WEB-INF"

p:suffix =".jsp" />

< bean class ="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" />

< bean class ="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" >

< property name ="messageConverters" >

< list >

< bean class ="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter" >

</ bean >

</ list >

</ property >

</ bean >

</ beans >

2.4 创建数据库和表

创建test数据库和user_info表的SQL语句如下（为了简便，user_info只有一个USER_NAME字段）：

CREATE DATABASE test;

USER test;

CREATE TABLE user_info (

USER_NAME varchar ( 32 ) NOT NULL ,

PRIMARY KEY ( USER_NAME )

) ENGINE = InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;

3、实例代码

3.1 DAO层

BaseHibernateDao类的代码如下所示：

package com.amigo.dao;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.hibernate.HibernateException;

import org.hibernate.Session;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;

import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessResourceFailureException;

import org.springframework.dao.support.DaoSupport;

import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate;

import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.SessionFactoryUtils;

public class BaseHibernateDao extends DaoSupport {

private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

private HibernateTemplate hibernateTemplate;

public SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {

return sessionFactory;

}

@Resource(name="sessionFactory")

public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {

this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;

this.hibernateTemplate=createHibernateTemplate(sessionFactory);

}

public Session getSession() {

if (this.sessionFactory == null) {

throw new HibernateException("Session Create Fail,SessionFactory is null!");

}

return this.sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();

}

protected HibernateTemplate createHibernateTemplate(

SessionFactory sessionFactory) {

return new HibernateTemplate(sessionFactory);

}

@Override

protected void checkDaoConfig() throws IllegalArgumentException {

if (this.hibernateTemplate == null) {

throw new IllegalArgumentException("'sessionFactory' or 'hibernateTemplate' is required");

}

protected final Session getSession(boolean allowCreate)

throws DataAccessResourceFailureException, IllegalStateException {

return (!allowCreate ? SessionFactoryUtils.getSession(

getSessionFactory(), false) : SessionFactoryUtils.getSession(

getSessionFactory(),

this.hibernateTemplate.getEntityInterceptor(), this.hibernateTemplate.getJdbcExceptionTranslator()));

}

protected final DataAccessException convertHibernateAccessException(

HibernateException ex) {

return this.hibernateTemplate.convertHibernateAccessException(ex);

}

protected final void releaseSession(Session session) {

SessionFactoryUtils.releaseSession(session, getSessionFactory());

if(null!=session)session=null;

}

public final void setHibernateTemplate(HibernateTemplate hibernateTemplate) {

this.hibernateTemplate = hibernateTemplate;

}

public final HibernateTemplate getHibernateTemplate() {

return this.hibernateTemplate;

}

USER_INFO表的Dao类UserInfoDao类的代码如下所示：

package com.amigo.dao;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

@Repository

public class UserInfoDao extends BaseHibernateDao {

}

3.2 业务逻辑层

接口类IHelloService的代码如下：

package com.amigo.service;

public interface IHelloService {

public int addUser(String userName) throws Exception;;

}

实现类HelloService类的代码如下：

package com.amigo.service;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;

import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.amigo.dao.UserInfoDao;

import com.amigo.model.UserInfo;

@Service( " helloService " )

@Repository

public class HelloService implements IHelloService {

private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(HelloService.class);

private UserInfoDao userDao;

public UserInfoDao getUserDao() {

return userDao;

}

@Resource

public void setUserDao(UserInfoDao userDao) {

this.userDao = userDao;

}

@Override

public int addUser(String userName) throws Exception {

log.info("----------------addUser---------------");

UserInfo userInfo = new UserInfo();

userInfo.setUserName(userName);

userDao.getSession().save(userInfo);

return 1;

}

3.3 控制层

控制类HelloControllor类接收userName参数，并调用相应的Service类将用户名保存到USER_INFO表中，该类的代码如下：

package com.amigo.web;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;

import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import com.amigo.service.IHelloService;

@Controller

@RequestMapping( " /test " )

public class HelloControllor {

private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(HelloControllor.class);

private IHelloService helloService;

public IHelloService getHelloService() {

return helloService;

}

@Resource

public void setHelloService(IHelloService helloService) {

this.helloService = helloService;

}

@RequestMapping("/hello.do")

public @ResponseBody

String sayHello(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {

request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");

String userName = request.getParameter("userName");

log.info("userName=" + userName);

int resultCode = helloService.addUser(userName);

String rspInfo = "你好!" + userName + ",操作结果码=" + resultCode;

response.setHeader("Content-type","text/html;charset=UTF-8");

response.getOutputStream().write(rspInfo.getBytes("UTF-8"));

return "";

}

@Controller注解标识一个控制器，@RequestMapping注解标记一个访问的路径；如果@RequestMapping注解在类级别上，则表示一相对路径，在方法级别上，则标记访问路径；

4、测试

测试时可以通过访问http://localhost:8080/springmvctest/test/hello.do?userName=amigo777，通过userName参数将用户名添加到USER_INFO表中。

从实例代码可以看出，POJO、DAO层、Service层和Controller层都是采用注解的方式将service、dao注入的，减少了配置量，方便了开发工作。

参考http://www.blogjava.net/amigoxie/archive/2012/11/28/392121.html

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基于注解的Spring MVC+Hiberntae简单入门

基于注解的Spring MVC+Hiberntae简单入门1、概述本文旨在搭建Spring MVC+Hibernate开发框架，通过一个简单的demo讲解Spring MVC的相关配置文件，以及通过注解方式实现简单功能。开发框架：Spring + Spring MVC+Hibernate（Spring所用的版本为3.0.5）。数据库：MySQL（数据库名称test，de
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