在之前学习过的lock对象ReentrankLock是互斥锁,每一次只有一个线程来操作。在一些特殊的情况下效率比较低的,比如说在只读环境中,多线程操作是不会影响同步的,所以多线程并发读是没问题的,JDK中提供了读写锁,这种锁在读中可以并发执行,在写中却是互斥的。看一个例子
service类:
package com.lenovo.plm.dms.p17;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock;
public class Service {
private ReentrantReadWriteLock lock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
public void read(){
lock.readLock().lock();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " come in the read method:" + System.nanoTime());
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
lock.readLock().unlock();
}
}
public void write(){
lock.writeLock().lock();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " come in the write method:" + System.nanoTime());
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
lock.writeLock().unlock();
}
}
}
线程类:
package com.lenovo.plm.dms.p17;
public class ThreadA extends Thread {
private Service service;
public ThreadA(Service service){
this.service = service;
}
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.run();
service.read();
}
}
package com.lenovo.plm.dms.p17;
public class ThreadB extends Thread {
private Service service;
public ThreadB(Service service){
this.service = service;
}
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.run();
service.read();
}
}
这里有两个线程都来调用读方法。再看执行类:
package com.lenovo.plm.dms.p17;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Service service = new Service();
ThreadA threadA = new ThreadA(service);
threadA.setName("A");
ThreadB threadB = new ThreadB(service);
threadB.setName("B");
threadA.start();
threadB.start();
}
}
执行的结果:
B come in the read method:3394638905238
A come in the read method:3394638905238
因此可以判断,A,B两个线程是可以同时进入读锁的。另外,将A,B线程都调用写方法,或者将B线程换成写方法。就可以得到如下结论:
读读锁可以同时进行
读写锁是互斥进行的
写写锁是互斥进行的