linux网络编程-----几种服务器模型及io多路复用函数

libevent实现了对io多路复用函数的封装，复习一下linux下的io复用函数，select，poll，epoll

在c/s模型中，要处理多个客户端的请求以达到并发处理的效果，有以下几种方法

• 主线程accept，多线程处理，为每一个客户端开一个线程
• 主进程accept，多进程处理，为每一个客户端开一个进程
• 线程池/进程池，将程序执行过程中线程/进程的创建销毁开销放在程序一开始执行时进行，进一步可以动态改变池中线程/进程个数
• io多路复用函数，单线程模式

---

多线程模式的服务器模型大体如下

//server.cpp
#include <iostream>

#include <cerrno>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <unistd.h>

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>

#include <pthread.h>


void* process_client(void* arg);

int main()
{
    int sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if(sockfd < 0)
    {
        std::cerr << "socket error" << std::endl;
        return -1;
    }

    struct sockaddr_in servaddr;
    bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));
    servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    servaddr.sin_port = htons(8080);
    servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;

    if(bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr*)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)) < 0)
    {
        close(sockfd);
        std::cerr << "bind error" << std::endl;
        return -1;
    }

    if(listen(sockfd, 10) < 0)
    {
        close(sockfd);
        std::cerr << "listen error" << std::endl;
        return -1;
    }

    struct sockaddr_in addr;
    bzero(&addr, sizeof(addr));
    socklen_t len = sizeof(addr);
    while(true)
    {
        /* 主线程接受客户端请求，每一个子线程处理一个服务器与客户端的交互 */
        int fd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, &len);

        pthread_t tid;
        pthread_create(&tid, NULL, process_client, (void*)&fd);
        pthread_detach(tid);
    }

    close(sockfd);

    return 0;
}


void *process_client(void *arg)
{
    int fd = *static_cast<int *>(arg);

    char reply[] = "server has receive your message";
    char msg[4096];
    /* 每个线程一个循环 */
    while(true)
    {
        bzero(msg, sizeof(msg));
        int ret = recv(fd, msg, sizeof(msg), 0);
        if(ret < 0)
        {
            continue;
        }
        else if(ret == 0)
        {  std::cout << "close connection with client " << fd << std::endl;
            close(fd);
            pthread_exit(NULL);
            break;
        }
        else
        {
            msg[ret] = '\0';
            std::cout << "receive from client " << fd << " : " << msg << std::endl;

            ret = send(fd, reply, strlen(reply), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
            if(ret < 0)
            {
                continue;
            }
            else if(ret == 0)
            {
                std::cout << "close connection with client " << fd << std::endl;
                close(fd);
                pthread_exit(NULL);
                break;
            }
        }
    }

}

//client.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

#include <cerrno>