继上一篇我转载的文章:http://blog.csdn.net/snakemoving/article/details/78453550
改善他的代码,进行构建简易聊天web程序
大概思路:
1.@ServerEndpoint 注解下的类代表websocket连接,而且很容易就知道他是多例的,也就是每一个浏览器建立的websocket链接即一个实例,所以很容易的
我们想到对每个浏览器做标识,然后保存起来,这样经过简单处理就可以给指定用户发送信息了
2.如何给浏览器做标识,这里利用Servlet做一个简陋的登录,然后把用户名拼接在websocket的链接,然后可以通过服务端获取到query字符串
下面是代码:
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>login</title> </head> <body> <form action="login" method="post"> <input type="text" name="username"> <input type="submit" value="login"> </form> </body> </html>
<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %> <% String username = (String)request.getAttribute("username"); %> <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Java后端WebSocket的Tomcat实现</title> </head> <body> <br> Welcome,<span id="username"><%=username%></span><br/> <input id="text" type="text"/><br> <button οnclick="send()">发送消息</button> <hr/> <button οnclick="closeWebSocket()">关闭WebSocket连接</button> <hr/> <div id="message"></div> </body> <script type="text/javascript"> var websocket = null; var username = document.getElementById("username").textContent; //判断当前浏览器是否支持WebSocket if ('WebSocket' in window) { websocket = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:8080/websocket/websocket?username="+username); } else { alert('当前浏览器 Not support websocket') } //连接发生错误的回调方法 websocket.onerror = function () { setMessageInnerHTML("WebSocket连接发生错误"); }; //连接成功建立的回调方法 websocket.onopen = function () { setMessageInnerHTML("WebSocket连接成功"); } //接收到消息的回调方法 websocket.onmessage = function (event) { setMessageInnerHTML(event.data); } //连接关闭的回调方法 websocket.onclose = function () { setMessageInnerHTML("WebSocket连接关闭"); } //监听窗口关闭事件,当窗口关闭时,主动去关闭websocket连接,防止连接还没断开就关闭窗口,server端会抛异常。 window.onbeforeunload = function () { closeWebSocket(); } //将消息显示在网页上 function setMessageInnerHTML(innerHTML) { document.getElementById('message').innerHTML += innerHTML + '<br/>'; } //关闭WebSocket连接 function closeWebSocket() { websocket.close(); } //发送消息 function send() { var message = document.getElementById('text').value; websocket.send(message); } </script> </html>
服务端代码:运行看看就知道了,发送之前记得带上用户名称,因为简陋至极package websocket; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import java.io.IOException; @WebServlet(urlPatterns = "/login") public class loginServlet extends HttpServlet{ public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException { doPost(req,resp); } public void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException { String username = req.getParameter("username"); req.setAttribute("username",username); req.getRequestDispatcher("main.jsp").forward(req,resp); } }
package websocket; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap; import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArraySet; import javax.websocket.*; import javax.websocket.server.ServerEndpoint; /** * @ServerEndpoint 注解是一个类层次的注解,它的功能主要是将目前的类定义成一个websocket服务器端, * 注解的值将被用于监听用户连接的终端访问URL地址,客户端可以通过这个URL来连接到WebSocket服务器端 */ @ServerEndpoint("/websocket") public class WebSocketTest { private Session session; @OnOpen public void onOpen(Session session){ this.session = session; String queryStr = session.getQueryString(); UserMap.join(queryStr.split("=")[1],this); UserMap.addOnlineCount(); //在线数加1 System.out.println("有新连接加入!当前在线人数为" + UserMap.getOnlineCount()); } @OnClose public void onClose(){ UserMap.subOnlineCount(); //在线数减1 System.out.println("有一连接关闭!当前在线人数为" + UserMap.getOnlineCount()); } @OnMessage public void onMessage(String message, Session session) { String[] usernameAndMessage = message.split(":"); if(UserMap.exsit(usernameAndMessage[0])){ try { UserMap.get(usernameAndMessage[0]).sendMessage(usernameAndMessage[1]); }catch (Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } }else{ System.out.println("....找不到用户"); } } /** * 发生错误时调用 * @param session * @param error */ @OnError public void onError(Session session, Throwable error){ System.out.println("发生错误"); error.printStackTrace(); } /** * 这个方法与上面几个方法不一样。没有用注解,是根据自己需要添加的方法。 * @param message * @throws IOException */ public void sendMessage(String message) throws IOException{ this.session.getBasicRemote().sendText(message); //this.session.getAsyncRemote().sendText(message); } }
package websocket; import javax.websocket.Session; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; public class UserMap { public static Map<String,WebSocketTest> map = new HashMap<String, WebSocketTest>(); private static int onlineCount = 0; public static boolean exsit(String key){ return map.containsKey(key); } public static void join(String key,WebSocketTest webSocketTest){ if(exsit(key)){ System.out.println("用户已经登录了"); }else{ map.put(key,webSocketTest); } } public static WebSocketTest get(String key){ return map.get(key); } public static synchronized int getOnlineCount() { return onlineCount; } public static synchronized void addOnlineCount() { onlineCount++; } public static synchronized void subOnlineCount() { onlineCount--; } }