Java WebSocket构建简易聊天web程序-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/snakeMoving/article/details/78483680

继上一篇我转载的文章：http://blog.csdn.net/snakemoving/article/details/78453550

改善他的代码，进行构建简易聊天web程序

大概思路：

1.@ServerEndpoint 注解下的类代表websocket连接，而且很容易就知道他是多例的，也就是每一个浏览器建立的websocket链接即一个实例，所以很容易的

我们想到对每个浏览器做标识，然后保存起来，这样经过简单处理就可以给指定用户发送信息了

2.如何给浏览器做标识，这里利用Servlet做一个简陋的登录，然后把用户名拼接在websocket的链接，然后可以通过服务端获取到query字符串

下面是代码：


<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>login</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="login" method="post">
    <input type="text" name="username">
    <input type="submit" value="login">
</form>
</body>
</html>
<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<%
    String username = (String)request.getAttribute("username");
%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Java后端WebSocket的Tomcat实现</title>
</head>
<body>

<br>

Welcome,<span id="username"><%=username%></span><br/>
<input id="text" type="text"/><br>

<button οnclick="send()">发送消息</button>
<hr/>
<button οnclick="closeWebSocket()">关闭WebSocket连接</button>
<hr/>
<div id="message"></div>
</body>

<script type="text/javascript">
    var websocket = null;

    var username = document.getElementById("username").textContent;
    //判断当前浏览器是否支持WebSocket
    if ('WebSocket' in window) {
        websocket = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:8080/websocket/websocket?username="+username);
    }
    else {
        alert('当前浏览器 Not support websocket')
    }

    //连接发生错误的回调方法
    websocket.onerror = function () {
        setMessageInnerHTML("WebSocket连接发生错误");
    };

    //连接成功建立的回调方法
    websocket.onopen = function () {
        setMessageInnerHTML("WebSocket连接成功");
    }

    //接收到消息的回调方法
    websocket.onmessage = function (event) {
        setMessageInnerHTML(event.data);
    }

    //连接关闭的回调方法
    websocket.onclose = function () {
        setMessageInnerHTML("WebSocket连接关闭");
    }

    //监听窗口关闭事件，当窗口关闭时，主动去关闭websocket连接，防止连接还没断开就关闭窗口，server端会抛异常。
    window.onbeforeunload = function () {
        closeWebSocket();
    }

    //将消息显示在网页上
    function setMessageInnerHTML(innerHTML) {
        document.getElementById('message').innerHTML += innerHTML + '<br/>';
    }

    //关闭WebSocket连接
    function closeWebSocket() {
        websocket.close();
    }

    //发送消息
    function send() {
        var message = document.getElementById('text').value;
        websocket.send(message);
    }
</script>
</html>

服务端代码：
package websocket;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet(urlPatterns = "/login")
public class loginServlet extends HttpServlet{
    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(req,resp);
    }

    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String username = req.getParameter("username");
        req.setAttribute("username",username);
        req.getRequestDispatcher("main.jsp").forward(req,resp);
    }
}

package websocket;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArraySet;

import javax.websocket.*;
import javax.websocket.server.ServerEndpoint;

/**
 * @ServerEndpoint 注解是一个类层次的注解，它的功能主要是将目前的类定义成一个websocket服务器端,
 * 注解的值将被用于监听用户连接的终端访问URL地址,客户端可以通过这个URL来连接到WebSocket服务器端
 */
@ServerEndpoint("/websocket")
public class WebSocketTest {

    private Session session;


    @OnOpen
    public void onOpen(Session session){
        this.session = session;
        String queryStr = session.getQueryString();
        UserMap.join(queryStr.split("=")[1],this);
        UserMap.addOnlineCount();           //在线数加1
        System.out.println("有新连接加入！当前在线人数为" + UserMap.getOnlineCount());
    }


    @OnClose
    public void onClose(){
        UserMap.subOnlineCount();           //在线数减1
        System.out.println("有一连接关闭！当前在线人数为" + UserMap.getOnlineCount());
    }


    @OnMessage
    public void onMessage(String message, Session session) {
            String[] usernameAndMessage = message.split(":");
            if(UserMap.exsit(usernameAndMessage[0])){
                try {
                    UserMap.get(usernameAndMessage[0]).sendMessage(usernameAndMessage[1]);
                }catch (Exception e){
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }else{
                System.out.println("....找不到用户");
            }
        }

    /**
     * 发生错误时调用
     * @param session
     * @param error
     */
    @OnError
    public void onError(Session session, Throwable error){
        System.out.println("发生错误");
        error.printStackTrace();
    }

    /**
     * 这个方法与上面几个方法不一样。没有用注解，是根据自己需要添加的方法。
     * @param message
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public void sendMessage(String message) throws IOException{
        this.session.getBasicRemote().sendText(message);
        //this.session.getAsyncRemote().sendText(message);
    }

}

package websocket;

import javax.websocket.Session;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class UserMap {
    public static Map<String,WebSocketTest> map = new HashMap<String, WebSocketTest>();
    private static int onlineCount = 0;
    public static boolean exsit(String key){
        return map.containsKey(key);
    }
    public static void join(String key,WebSocketTest webSocketTest){
        if(exsit(key)){
            System.out.println("用户已经登录了");
        }else{
            map.put(key,webSocketTest);
        }
    }
    public static WebSocketTest get(String key){
        return map.get(key);
    }


    public static synchronized int getOnlineCount() {
        return onlineCount;
    }

    public static synchronized void addOnlineCount() {
        onlineCount++;
    }

    public static synchronized void subOnlineCount() {
        onlineCount--;
    }
}


运行看看就知道了，发送之前记得带上用户名称，因为简陋至极