模拟常见的字符操作函数

本文探讨了如何模拟实现C语言中的几个常见字符操作函数,包括strcpy字符串拷贝,strncpy安全拷贝,strstr查找子串首次出现位置,strchr和strrchr查找特定字符的首次和最后一次出现,以及strcmp和strncmp进行字符串比较。通过这些实现,可以更好地理解和掌握C语言字符串处理的基本原理。
摘要由CSDN通过智能技术生成

1.模拟strcpy(字符串拷贝函数)

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<assert.h>

char *my_strcpy(char *dest,const char *src)
{
   char *pc=dest;
   assert(src);
   assert(dest);
   while(*dest++ = *src++)
   {
      ;
   }
   return pc;
}
int main()
{
   char *pa="abcdef";
   char pb[10]={0};
   my_strcpy(pb,pa);
   printf("%s\n",pb);
   system("pause");
   return 0;
}

strncpy:

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<assert.h>

char *my_strncpy(char *dest,const char *src,size_t n)
{
   char *ret=dest;
   assert(src);
   assert(dest);
   while(n--)
   {
       *ret++=*src++;
   }
   *ret='\0';//拷贝'\0'
   return dest;
}
int main()
{
	int num = 0;
    char pa[]="abcdefgh";
	char pb[20]={0};
	char *ret=NULL;
	printf("请输入你要拷贝字符的个数:");
	scanf("%d",&num);
	ret=my_strncpy(pb,pa,num);
	printf("%s\n",ret);
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}



 
2.模拟strlen(求取字符串长度) 

//普通实现
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<assert.h>

int my_strlen(const char *src)
{
   int count=0;
   assert(src);
   while(*src++)
   {
      count++;
   }
   return count;
}
int main()
{
   int ret=0;
   char *pa="abcdefgh";
   ret=my_strlen(pa);
   printf("所求字符串的长度为:%d\n",ret);
   system("pause");
   return 0;
}


//指针实现
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

int my_strlen(const char *str)
{
	char *tmp=str;
    while(*tmp++)
	{
		;
	}
	return tmp-str-1;
}
int main()
{
    char *pa="abcdefgh";
	int ret = my_strlen(pa);
	printf("%d\n",ret);
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}


//递归实现
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

int my_strlen(const char *str)
{
    if(!*str)
		return 0;
	else
	    return 1+my_strlen(str+1);
}
int main()
{
    char *pa="abcdefgh";
	int ret = my_strlen(pa);
	printf("%d\n",ret);
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}


 

3.模拟strstr(在所给字符串中查找子串第一次出现的位置)

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<assert.h>


char *my_strstr(const char *str,const char *dest)
{
   char *tmp=NULL;
   const char *string1=str;
   const char *string2=dest;
   assert(str);
   assert(dest);
   if(!*string2)
   {
       return (char *)string1;
   }
   while(*string1)
   {
	   tmp=(char *)string1;
	   while(*string1 && *string2 && *string1==*string2)
	   {
	       string1++;
		   string2++;
	   }
	   if(!*string2)
	   {
	       return (char *)tmp;
	   }
	   string1++;
   }
   return NULL;
}
int main()
{
   int result=0;
   char *pa="abcdef";
   char *pb="cde";
   char *ret=my_strstr(pa,pb);
   result=ret-pa+1;
   if(NULL != ret)
   {
      printf("%s found at position %d\n",pb,result);
   }
   else
   {
      printf("%s not found\n",pb);
   }
   
   system("pause");
   return 0;
}

<span style="font-size:14px;">#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<assert.h>


char *my_strstr(const char *dest,const char *src)
{
	const char *tmp = NULL;
	assert(dest);
    assert(src);
	while(*dest && *src)
	{
		tmp=src;
		while(*src && *dest==*src)
		{
			src++;
			dest++;
		}
		if(!*dest)
		{
		    return (char*)tmp;
		}
		src++;
	}		
	return NULL;
}
int main()
{
    char *pa = "adcbdcdcbef";
	char *pb = "dcb";
	char *ret = my_strstr(pb,pa);
	if(ret!=NULL)
	{
	    printf("%s\n",ret);
	}
	else
	{
	    printf("没找到该子串\n");
	}
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}</span><span style="font-size: 24px;">
</span>

strrstr:库中没有该函数,仿照strchrr实现(在所给字符串中查找子串最后一次出现的位置

<span style="font-size:14px;">#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<assert.h>


char *my_strrstr(const char *dest,const char *src)
{
	const char *psrc = NULL;
	const char *pdest = dest;
	const char *tmp = NULL;
	assert(dest);
    assert(src);
	while(*src)
	{
		psrc=src;
		while(*src && *dest==*src)
		{
			src++;
			dest++;
		}
		if(*dest == '\0')
		{
			tmp=psrc;
		}
		src=psrc;
		dest=pdest;
		src++;
	}
	if(tmp!=NULL)
	{
	    return (char *)tmp;
	}
	return NULL;
}
int main()
{
    char *pa = "adcbdcb";
	char *pb = "dcb";
	char *ret = my_strrstr(pb,pa);
	if(ret!=NULL)
	{
	    printf("%s\n",ret);
	}
	else
	{
	    printf("没找到该子串\n");
	}
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}</span>


 
4.strcat(字符串连接) 

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<assert.h>

char *my_strcat(char *dest,const char *src)
{
	char *tmp=dest;
  assert(dest);
	if(!*src)
	{
	    return tmp;
	}
	while(*tmp)
	{
	    tmp++;
	}
	while(*tmp++ = *src++)
	{
	    ;
	}
	return dest;
}
int main()
{
   char *pa="efgh";
   char pb[20]="abcd";
   my_strcat(pb,pa);
   printf("%s\n",pb);
   system("pause");
   return 0;
}


<span style="font-size:14px;">#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<assert.h>


char *my_strstr(const char *dest,const char *src)
{
	const char *tmp = NULL;
	assert(dest);
    assert(src);
	while(*dest && *src)
	{
		tmp=src;
		while(*src && *dest==*src)
		{
			src++;
			dest++;
		}
		if(!*dest)
		{
		    return (char*)tmp;
		}
		src++;
	}		
	return NULL;
}
char *my_strrstr(const char *dest,const char *src)
{
    const char *tmp = NULL;
	const char *psrc=NULL;
	const char *pdest=dest;
	assert(dest);
    assert(src);
	while(*src)
	{
	    tmp = my_strstr(pdest,src);
		if(tmp!=NULL)
		{
		    psrc=tmp;
			src=tmp;
		}
		src++;
	}
	if(psrc!=NULL)
	{
	    return (char *)psrc;
	}
	return NULL;
}
int main()
{
    char *pa = "adcbdcb";
	char *pb = "dcb";
	char *ret = my_strrstr(pb,pa);
	if(ret!=NULL)
	{
	    printf("%s\n",ret);
	}
	else
	{
	    printf("没找到该子串\n");
	}
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}
</span>


strncat:

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<assert.h>

char *my_strncat(char *dest,const char *src,size_t n)
{
   char *ret=dest;
   assert(src);
   assert(dest);
   while(*ret)
   {
       ret++;
   }
   while(n--)
   {
       *ret++=*src++;
   }
   *ret='\0';//追加'\0'
   return dest;
}
int main()
{
	int num = 0;
    char pa[20]="abcd";
	char pb[]="efgghhh";
	char *ret=NULL;
	printf("请输入你要追加字符的个数:");
	scanf("%d",&num);
    ret=my_strncat(pa,pb,num);
	printf("%s\n",ret);
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}


#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<assert.h>
#include<string.h>


char *my_strrstr(const char *dest,const char *src)//从后向前查找
{
    int len1=strlen(src);
	int len2=strlen(dest);
	const char*psrc=src;
	assert(dest);
    assert(src);
	while(src+len1-1>src)
	{
		while(*psrc)//先找到最后位置
		{
			psrc++;
		}
		while(*dest)//先找到最后位置
		{
			dest++;
		}
		while(--len1 && --len2 && *dest==*psrc)
		{
			dest--;
			psrc--;
		}
		if(len2==0)
			return (char*)psrc-1;
	}
	return NULL;
}
int main()
{
    char *pa = "adcbdcb";
	char *pb = "dcb";
	char *ret = my_strrstr(pb,pa);
	if(ret!=NULL)
	{
	    printf("%s\n",ret);
	}
	else
	{
	    printf("没找到该子串\n");
	}
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}


 

5.strchr(在字符串中查找某个字符首次出现的位置)

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<assert.h>

char *my_strchr(const char *src,int ch)
{
	char *tmp=(char *)src;
        assert(src);
	while(*tmp++)
	{
		src=tmp;
	    if(*tmp == ch)
		{
		    return (char *)src;
		}
	}
	return NULL;
}
int main()
{
   int ch='c';
   char *pa="abcdef";
   char *ret=my_strchr(pa,ch);
   int result=ret-pa+1;
   if(ret != NULL)
   {
	   printf("Result:\tfirst %c found at position %d\n\n", ch, result);
   }
   else
   {
       printf("Result:\t%c not found\n",ch);
   }
   system("pause");
   return 0;
}

strrchr(在字符串中查找某个字符最后一次出现的位置)


<span style="font-size:18px;"><span style="font-size: 24px;">//从后向前找</span>
</span>
<span style="font-size:14px;">#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<assert.h>


char *my_strrchr(const char *str,int ch)
{
	const char *tmp = str;
    assert(str);
	while(*str++)
	{
        ;
	}
	while(--str>tmp)
	{
	    if(*str == ch)
			return (char *)str;
	}
	return NULL;
}
int main()
{
    char *pa = "adbdcdef";
	char *ret = my_strrchr(pa,'d');
  if(ret!=NULL)
	{
	    printf("%s\n",ret);
	}
	else
	{
	    printf("没找到该字符\n");
	}
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}</span>


//每次找到指定字符,先保存起来,最后返回该字符所在地址
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<assert.h>


char *my_strrchr(const char *str,int ch)
{
	const char *tmp = NULL;
    assert(str);
	while(*str)
	{
        if(*str==ch)
			tmp=str;
		str++;
	}
	if(tmp!=NULL)
		return (char*)tmp;
	return NULL;
}
int main()
{
    char *pa = "adcbdcdef";
	char *ret = my_strrchr(pa,'g');
	if(ret!=NULL)
	{
	    printf("%s\n",ret);
	}
	else
	{
	    printf("没找到该字符\n");
	}
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}


 

//通过strchr实现
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<assert.h>


char *my_strchr(const char *str,int ch)
{
    assert(str);
	while(*str)
	{
	    if(*str == ch)
			return (char*)str;
		str++;
	}
	return NULL;
}
char *my_strrchr(const char *str,int ch)
{
	char *tmp = NULL;
    assert(str);
	while(*str)
	{
		if(*str == ch)
        tmp = my_strchr(str,ch);
		str++;
	}
	if(tmp!=0)
		return (char*)tmp;
	return NULL;
}
int main()
{
    char *pa = "adcbdcdef";
	char *ret = my_strrchr(pa,'d');
	if(ret!=NULL)
	{
	    printf("%s\n",ret);
	}
	else
	{
	    printf("没找到该字符\n");
	}
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

6.strcmp(字符串比较)

实现1:

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<assert.h>


int my_strcmp(const char *str1,const char *str2)
{
    assert(1);
	assert(2);
	while(*str1 && *str2==*str1)
	{
	    str1++;
	    str2++;
	}
	return *str1-*str2;
}

int main()
{
    char *pa="abczef";
	char *pb="abcfgjdh";
	int ret=my_strcmp(pa,pb);
	if(ret>0)
	{
	   printf("%s greater than %s\n",pa,pb);
	}
	else if(ret==0)
	{
	   printf("%s eaqul to %s\n",pa,pb);
	}
	else
	{
	   printf("%s less than %s\n",pa,pb);
	}
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}


 
 

实现2:
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<assert.h>


int my_strcmp(const char *str1,const char *str2)
{
	int ret = 0;
        assert(1);
	assert(2);
	while(!(ret=*(unsigned char *)str1-*(unsigned char *)str2) && *str2)
	{
	        ++str1;
		++str2;
	}
	if(ret<0)
	{
	    return -1;
	}
	else if(ret>0)
	{
	    return 1;
	}
	return ret;
}

int main()
{
        char *pa="abcdef";
	char *pb="abcfgjdh";
	int ret=my_strcmp(pa,pb);
	if(ret>0)
	{
	   printf("%s greater than %s\n",pa,pb);
	}
	else if(ret==0)
	{
	   printf("%s eaqul to %s\n",pa,pb);
	}
	else
	{
	   printf("%s less than %s\n",pa,pb);
	}
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

strncmp:

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<assert.h>

int my_strncmp(const char *str1,const char *str2,size_t n)
{
   assert(str1);
   assert(str2);
  while(--n)
  {
	  *str1++ == *str2++;
  }
  return (*str1-*str2);
}
int main()
{
	int num = 0;
	int ret = 0;
    char *pa="abcd";
	char *pb="abcf";
	printf("请输入你要比较字符的个数:");
	scanf("%d",&num);
    ret=my_strncmp(pa,pb,num);
	if(ret>0)
	{
	   printf("%s greater than %s\n",pa,pb);
	}
	else if(ret==0)
	{
	   printf("%s eaqul to %s\n",pa,pb);
	}
	else
	{
	   printf("%s less than %s\n",pa,pb);
	}
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

7.memcpy:内存拷贝函数(两块内存不关联)

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<assert.h>

void *my_memcpy(void *dest,const void *src,size_t n)
{
	char *pdest=(char *)dest;
	const char *psrc=(const char *)src;
  assert(dest);
	assert(src);
	while(n--)
	{
	    *pdest++=*psrc++;
	}
	return dest;
}
int main()
{
	int i = 0;
  int arr1[20]={0};
	int arr2[]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0};
	int sz = sizeof(arr2)/sizeof(arr2[0]);
    my_memcpy(arr1,arr2,sz);
		for(i=0; i<sizeof(arr2)/sizeof(arr2[0]); i++)
	{
	    printf("%d ",arr2[i]);
	}
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}
memmove:(两块内存有关联)

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<assert.h>

void *my_memmove(void *dest,const void *src,size_t n)
{
	char *pdest=(char *)dest;
    const char *psrc=(char *)src;
    assert(dest);
	assert(src);
	if(psrc+n>pdest && pdest>psrc)//从后向前拷贝
	{
		while(n--)
    	{
			*(pdest+n)=*(psrc+n);
		}
	}
	else//从前向后拷贝
	{
	     while(n--)
		 {
		     *pdest++=*psrc++;	
		 }
	}
	return dest;
}
int main()
{
	int i = 0;
	int num = 0;
	int arr2[]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0}; 
	printf("请输入你要拷贝内存的大小:");
	scanf("%d",&num);
        my_memmove(arr2+3,arr2+1,num*sizeof(int));
	for(i=0; i<sizeof(arr2)/sizeof(arr2[0]); i++)
	{
	    printf("%d ",arr2[i]);
	}
	printf("\n");
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}




评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值