Hibernate学习文档_继承

继承实现的三种策略

1.单表继承    table per class hierarchy,首选数据字典表

Sql,用type字段区分类型

CREATE TABLE `t_animal` (
	`id` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
	`type` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
	`name` VARCHAR(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
	`age` INT(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
	`weight` VARCHAR(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
	`color` VARCHAR(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
	PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
)

discriminator需要紧接着在id后边

discrimination-value 此处定义子类的区分类型

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.lohamce.hibernate">
	<class name="Animal" table="t_animal">
		<id name="id">
			<generator class="native" />
		</id>

		<discriminator column="type" type="string" />

		<property name="name" />
		<property name="age" />

		<subclass name="Cat" discriminator-value="C">
			<property name="weight" />
		</subclass>

		<subclass name="Bird" discriminator-value="B">
			<property name="color" />
		</subclass>

	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

//父类
public class Animal {

	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	private Integer age;
}

//子类1
public class Bird extends Animal{

	private String color;
}

//子类2
public class Cat extends Animal {

	private String weight;
}

// 测试存储
@Test
public void testSaveAnimals(){
	Session session = null;
	Transaction tx = null;
		
	try{
		session = HibernateUtil.openSession();
		tx = session.beginTransaction();
		
		Cat c = new Cat();
		c.setAge(2);
		c.setName("Coffee");
		c.setWeight("5kg");
		Bird b = new Bird();
		b.setAge(1);
		b.setName("Babe");
		b.setColor("Yellow");
		
		session.save(c);
		session.save(b);
		
		tx.commit();
	} catch (Exception e){
		e.printStackTrace();
		tx.rollback();
	} finally {
		HibernateUtil.close(session);
	}
}

	@Test
	public void testLoadAnimals(){
		
		Session session = null;
		Transaction tx = null;
		
		try{
			session = HibernateUtil.openSession();
			tx = session.beginTransaction();

			
			//load默认支持Lazy,所以并不支持多态的查询
                        //此处如果采用get()或者将Lazy设置为false,则支持多态查询
			//Animal a = (Animal)session.load(Animal.class, 1);
			//System.out.println(a.getName());
			
			Cat c = (Cat)session.load(Cat.class, 1);
			System.out.println(c.getName());
			
			Bird b = (Bird)session.load(Bird.class, 2);
			System.out.println(b.getName());
			
			
			tx.commit();
		} catch (Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
			if(tx != null) tx.rollback();
		} finally {
			HibernateUtil.close(session);
		}
		
	}








	// Hql 查询支持多态
	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	@Test
	public void testQueryAnimals(){
		
		Session session = null;
		Transaction tx = null;
		
		try{
			session = HibernateUtil.openSession();
			tx = session.beginTransaction();

			Query query = session.createQuery("from Animal");
			List<Animal> animals = (List<Animal>)query.list();
			
			for( Animal a : animals){
				if(a instanceof Bird) {
					System.out.println(((Bird)a).getColor());
				}else if ( a instanceof Cat){
					System.out.println(((Cat)a).getWeight());
				}
			}
			
			tx.commit();
		} catch (Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
			if(tx != null) tx.rollback();
		} finally {
			HibernateUtil.close(session);
		}
		
	}








2.具体表继承    table per subclass,使用不多
CREATE TABLE `t_people` (
	`id` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
	`name` VARCHAR(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
	PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
);
CREATE TABLE `t_chinese` (
	`cId` INT(11) NOT NULL,
	`freedom` VARCHAR(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
	PRIMARY KEY (`cId`),
	INDEX `FKE80E0C22E3132291` (`cId`),
	CONSTRAINT `FKE80E0C22E3132291` FOREIGN KEY (`cId`) REFERENCES `t_people` (`id`)
);
CREATE TABLE `t_japanese` (
	`jId` INT(11) NOT NULL,
	`hardworking` VARCHAR(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
	PRIMARY KEY (`jId`),
	INDEX `FK89CEB31CE3133CD8` (`jId`),
	CONSTRAINT `FK89CEB31CE3133CD8` FOREIGN KEY (`jId`) REFERENCES `t_people` (`id`)
);

domain没有变化,只是需要修改xml.标签采用 join-subclass
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.lohamce.hibernate">
	<class name="People" table="t_people">
		<id name="id">
			<generator class="native" />
		</id>
		<property name="name" />
		<joined-subclass name="Chinese" table="t_chinese">
			<key column="cId"></key>
			<property name="freedom"></property>
		</joined-subclass>
		<joined-subclass name="Japanese" table="t_japanese">
			<key column="jId"></key>
			<property name="hardworking"></property>
		</joined-subclass>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>




3.类表继承  table per concrete class
CREATE TABLE `t_chinese` (
	`id` INT(11) NOT NULL,
	`name` VARCHAR(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
	`freedom` VARCHAR(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
	PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
);

CREATE TABLE `t_japanese` (
	`id` INT(11) NOT NULL,
	`name` VARCHAR(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
	`hardworking` VARCHAR(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
	PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
);




注意,此处的主键生成策略不能为自增,因为有很重要的一点,就是Hibernate在加载Session的时候,一个实体对应的id必须唯一
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.lohamce.hibernate">
	<class name="People" abstract="true">
		<id name="id">
			<generator class="assigned" />
		</id>
		<property name="name" />
		<union-subclass name="Chinese" table="t_chinese">
			<property name="freedom"></property>
		</union-subclass>
		<union-subclass name="Japanese" table="t_japanese">
			<property name="hardworking"></property>
		</union-subclass>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>