常见的HTTP返回码
上一篇文章里我简要的说了说HTTP消息头的格式,注意到在服务器返回的HTTP消息头里有一个“HTTP/1.1 200 OK”,这里的200是HTTP规定的返回代码,表示请求已经被正常处理完成。浏览器通过这个返回代码就可以知道服务器对所发请求的处理情况是什么,每一种返回代码都有自己的含义。这里列举几种常见的返回码。
1 403 Access Forbidden
如果我们试图请求服务器上一个文件夹,而在WEB服务器上这个文件夹并没有允许对这个文件夹列目录的话,就会返回这个代码。一个完整的403回复可能是这样的:(IIS5.1)
HTTP/1.1 403 Access Forbidden
Server: Microsoft-IIS/5.1
Date: Mon, 06 Mar 2006 08:57:39 GMT
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 172
HTTP/1.1 403 Access Forbidden
Server: Microsoft-IIS/5.1
Date: Mon, 06 Mar 2006 08:57:39 GMT
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 172
<html><head><title>Directory Listing Denied</title></head>
<body><h1>Directory Listing Denied</h1>This Virtual Directory does not allow contents to be listed.</body></html>
<body><h1>Directory Listing Denied</h1>This Virtual Directory does not allow contents to be listed.</body></html>
2 404 Object not found
当我们请求的对象在服务器上并不存在时,就会给出这个返回代码,这可能也是最常见的错误代码了。IIS给出的404消息内容很长,除了消息头以外还有一个完整的说明“为什么会这样”的网页。APACHE服务器的404消息比较简短,如下:
HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found
Date: Mon, 06 Mar 2006 09:03:14 GMT
Server: Apache/2.0.55 (Unix) PHP/5.0.5
Content-Length: 291
Keep-Alive: timeout=15, max=100
Connection: Keep-Alive
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1
HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found
Date: Mon, 06 Mar 2006 09:03:14 GMT
Server: Apache/2.0.55 (Unix) PHP/5.0.5
Content-Length: 291
Keep-Alive: timeout=15, max=100
Connection: Keep-Alive
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN">
<html><head>
<title>404 Not Found</title>
</head><body>
<h1>Not Found</h1>
<p>The requested URL /notexist was not found on this server.</p>
<hr>
<address>Apache/2.0.55 (Unix) PHP/5.0.5 Server at localhost Port 8080</address>
</body></html>
<html><head>
<title>404 Not Found</title>
</head><body>
<h1>Not Found</h1>
<p>The requested URL /notexist was not found on this server.</p>
<hr>
<address>Apache/2.0.55 (Unix) PHP/5.0.5 Server at localhost Port 8080</address>
</body></html>