RMAN 自动备份脚本设计

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本文介绍了一种使用RMAN进行差异增量备份的策略，包括配置备份频率、保留窗口和备份脚本的实现。通过Crontab定时任务自动化执行每日备份操作，确保数据安全性和恢复能力。

采用RMAN差异增量备份模式，周期为7天，每周一进行0级增量，周二至星期天进行1级差异增量，始终保留30天恢复窗口，利用crontab在每天03:30进行

CRONTAB 0级增量

30 03 * * 1 /backup/scripts/0_backup.sh 2>/backup/logs/2.log

SHELL脚本0级增量

#!/bin/sh
ORACLE_SID=test
ORACLE_BASE=/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
PATH=/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin:$PATH
export ORACLE_SID ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME PATH
/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/rman target / cmdfile=/backup/scripts/0_backup.rman msglog=/backup/logs/`date +%Y%m%d_%w_0.log`

RMAN脚本0级增量

RUN{
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 30 DAYS;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/backup/backupsets/%F_CNT_0';
ALLOCATE CHANNEL C1 TYPE DISK;
ALLOCATE CHANNEL C2 TYPE DISK;
ALLOCATE CHANNEL C3 TYPE DISK;
ALLOCATE CHANNEL C4 TYPE DISK;
BACKUP INCREMENTAL LEVEL 0 FORMAT '/backup/backupsets/%T_%s_%p_DAT_0' DATABASE SKIP INACCESSIBLE
PLUS ARCHIVELOG FORMAT '/backup/backupsets/%T_%s_%p_ARC_0' DELETE ALL INPUT;
RELEASE CHANNEL C1;
RELEASE CHANNEL C2;
RELEASE CHANNEL C3;
RELEASE CHANNEL C4;
}
ALLOCATE CHANNEL FOR MAINTENANCE DEVICE TYPE DISK;
CROSSCHECK BACKUPSET;
DELETE NOPROMPT EXPIRED BACKUP;
DELETE NOPROMPT OBSOLETE;
RELEASE CHANNEL;

CRONTAB 1级增量

30 03 * * 2,3,4,5,6,7 /backup/scripts/1_backup.sh 2>/backup/logs/2.log

SHELL脚本1级增量

#!/bin/sh
ORACLE_SID=test
ORACLE_BASE=/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
PATH=/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin:$PATH
export ORACLE_SID ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME PATH
/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/rman target / cmdfile=/backup/scripts/1_backup.rman msglog=/backup/logs/`date +%Y%m%d_%w_1.log`

RMAN脚本1级增量

RUN{
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 30 DAYS;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/backup/backupsets/%F_CNT_1';
ALLOCATE CHANNEL C1 TYPE DISK;
ALLOCATE CHANNEL C2 TYPE DISK;
ALLOCATE CHANNEL C3 TYPE DISK;
ALLOCATE CHANNEL C4 TYPE DISK;
BACKUP INCREMENTAL LEVEL 1 FORMAT '/backup/backupsets/%T_%s_%p_DAT_1' DATABASE SKIP INACCESSIBLE
PLUS ARCHIVELOG FORMAT '/backup/backupsets/%T_%s_%p_ARC_1' DELETE ALL INPUT;
RELEASE CHANNEL C1;
RELEASE CHANNEL C2;
RELEASE CHANNEL C3;
RELEASE CHANNEL C4;
}
ALLOCATE CHANNEL FOR MAINTENANCE DEVICE TYPE DISK;
CROSSCHECK BACKUPSET;
DELETE NOPROMPT EXPIRED BACKUP;
DELETE NOPROMPT OBSOLETE;
RELEASE CHANNEL;